Parkinson Disease A Progressive Disorder That Affects...

Parkinson disease is known as a progressive disorder that affects the nervous system. Some of the main symptoms of the disorder include tremor, muscular rigidity and slow imprecise movement. On the other hand Alzheimer s disease is the most common cause of dementia. The disorder includes memory loss along with difficulties with thinking, problem-solving or language. Both Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s have many similarities but evidence may suggest they are separate disorders. Both Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s have an onset that is late in life, normally after the age of 50. The two disorders are known as neurodegenerative , therefore meaning that brain cells or neurons become damaged and die during the course of the disorder. Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s are both progressive and due to the degeneration the patient with either of the two disorders can develop dementia, which is impairment in memory among other functions. However most dementia cases stem from Alzheimer’s, whereas Parkinson’s accounts for much less of the dementia cases. Having mentioned above both disorders are completely different in more than one way. Different mechanism, symptoms and treatments are involved. Parkinson’s is associated with having problems with movement that may lead to memory problems and dementia, however many patients with Parkinson’s will never experience memory less during the disorder. Whereas Alzheimer’s is mainly a memory disorder and patients may never experience any issues withShow MoreRelatedThe Purpose Of My Research Conducted For This Paper Was1677 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of my research conducted for this paper was to examine the relationship between Parkinson s disorder and its connection to the anatomy of the human body. Parkinson s is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement due to the loss of Dopamine. Dopamine which is a neurotransmitter located in the brain allows signals to be transported from one nerve cell to another. Its purpose is to regulate both movement and cognition. The loss of these chemical messengers can causeRead MoreParkinson s Disease Is A Chronic Progressive Movement Disorder Of Th e Central Nervous System895 Words   |  4 PagesParkinson s disease is a chronic progressive movement disorder of the central nervous system. Early in the course of the disease, the most obvious symptoms are movement-related; these include shaking, rigidity, slowness of movement and difficulty with walking and Parkinson’s like gait (leaning forward, small fast pace steps, shuffling, etc.). Parkinson’s involves the malfunction and death of nerve cells in the brain, entitled neurons. Although damage can be spread about, it primarily affects neuronsRead MoreParkinson’s Disease Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesParkinson’s Disease is known as one of the most common progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. It belongs to a group of conditions known as movement disorders. Parkinson disease is a component of hypokinetic disorder because it causes a decreased in bodily movement. It affects people who are usually over the age of 50. It can impair an ind ividual motor as well as non-motor function. Some of the primary symptoms of Parkinson’s disease are characterized by tremors or trembling in handsRead MoreParkinson s No Longer Happens But Is Inherited1181 Words   |  5 Pagesone inherits a trait, disorder, or disease that is passed or shared through families. Whether it is albinism or red hair (also referred to as day walkers or ginger) height or heath both parent carry the autosomal trait that is passed to the child. An autosomal recessive disorder means that two copies of an abnormal gene must be present in order for the disease or trait to develop. A mutation in a gene on one of the first 22 non-sex chromosomes can lead to an autosomal disorder like Down syndrome orRead MoreParkinson s Disease And The Disease Of The Nervous System703 Words   |  3 Pages Definition: â€Å"Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive disease of the nervous system characterized by the cardinal features of rigidity, bradykinesia, tremor, and postural instability† (O’Sullivan and Schmitz, 2007). The condition can develop between age group 60 and 80 years and symptoms mostly appear around 60 years of age (O’Sullivan and Schmitz, 2007). Parkinson’s disease or PD is classified into idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, parkinsonism due to identifiable causes and parkinsonism inRead More Parkinsons Disease Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesParkinsons Disease Parkinson’s Disease (PD), the shaking palsy first described by James Parkinson in 1817, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder which affects in upwards of 1.5 million Americans. The disease begins to occur around age 40 and has incidence with patient age. One survey found that PD may affect 1% of the population over 60. Incidence seems to be more prominent in men, and tends to progress to incapacity and death over one or two decades. Clinical diagnosis of PD isRead MoreParkinson s Disease : A Progressive Disease1344 Words   |  6 Pages Parkinson’s disease Parkinson’s disease is a progressive chronic incurable neurological disorder that affects 0.3% of the populations in the United States. The incidence of Parkinson’s disease increases with age and it is estimated to affect 5% of the population over the age of 85 (Nolden 2014). Historians have found evidence of the disease as far back as 5000 B.C. It was first described as â€Å"The shaking Palsy† by British Doctor James Parkinson. Because of his early work in identifying the symptomsRead More The Neurobiology of Parkinsons Disease Essay1531 Words   |  7 PagesThe Neurobiology of Parkinsons Disease In neuroscience it is assumed that the central nervous system governs and defines all aspects of behavior (Grobstein, 1998). Therefore, the brain, the hub of the central nervous system, is responsible for integrating all sensory and motor patterning. To understand the mechanisms of neurobiology it is often useful to observe the nervous system at the level of the neuron. Integration and communication between neurons is facilitated by neurotransmitters,Read MoreAn Overview Of Parkinson Disease1450 Words   |  6 PagesAn Overview of Parkinson Disease Parkinson disease (PD) is a condition consisting of many unanswered questions. What causes it? Is it a genetic disorder? How will an individual know if they will be diagnosed with it in their lifetime? The list of enquiries one might present is endless. However, before even attempting to answer any questions, it is essential to understand the disease as a whole. In order to do so, grasping basic background information as well as data on PD is necessary. FollowingRead MoreParkinson s Disease : Disease1737 Words   |  7 Pages Parkinson’s disease Parkinson’s Disease INTRODUCTION Wong, Gilmour and Ramage-Morin (2014) states that Parkinson’s disease comes second on the list of most common degenerative disorder of the nervous system. Dopamine, a substance synthesized in the body, is responsible for the normal movements of the body (Wong, Gilmour and Ramage-Morin, 2014). In Parkinson’s disease, the cells responsible for synthesizing Dopamine are damaged and incapacitated to form it (Wong, Gilmour

The Handmaid’s Tale Free Essays

In her novel The Handmaid’s Tale, Margret Atwood uses symbolism to illustrate the handmaid’s role in the society of Gilead. The handmaids are the women who had broken law of Gilead, and were forced into the role of a surrogate mother for a higher ranking couple. The handmaids had no rights or free will. We will write a custom essay sample on The Handmaid’s Tale or any similar topic only for you Order Now They were under constant surveillance and this caused them to be very cautious. The author characterizes most handmaids as a tentative and distrustful, which is perhaps why Offred never puts in words the magnitude of her discontent with her new life, because it’s possible she doesn’t truly trust the reader. The author uses symbols such as the handmaid’s dress-code, a pigs ball, and even the handmaids names to give the reader a sense of the handmaid’s imprisonment. The handmaid’s dress-code was a very strict one; it was a dress-code that symbolized their one, sole duty; to bear a child. The handmaids were only needed for their reproductive services, so their dresses were red, to indicate their fertility. As Offred is dressing she describes her uniform; â€Å"Everything except the wings around my face is red: the color of blood, which defines us. The skirt is ankle-length, full, gathered to a flat yoke that extends over the breasts, the sleeves are full. The white wings too are prescribed issue; they are to keep us from seeing, but also from being seen,† (p. 9). The handmaid’s were not supposed to be viewed as sexual beings, (though many people thought of them as adulteresses). The main character Offred describes her and her fellow handmaid’s as two-legged wombs, and nothing more. Their only purpose in life was to conceive a child, which was represented openly by the color of their robes. The handmaids in the novel lead such a caged life that in one of Offred’s many deep reflections, Atwood compares Offreds life symbolically to the life of a prized show pig. The handmaid’s were not permitted to entertain themselves nor flex their intellectual abilities, even simple games such as Scrabble would get them sent away to become an Unwoman, the worst outcome imaginable. As Offred longs for something to distract her, she thinks; â€Å"there’s time to spare. This is one of the things I wasn’t prepared for – the amount of unfilled time, the long parentheses of nothing†¦I wait, washed, brushed, fed, like a prize pig. Sometime in the eighties they invented pig balls, for pigs who were being fattened in pens. Pig balls were large colored balls; the pigs rolled them around with their snouts†¦the pigs were curious, they liked to have something to think about†¦I wish I had a pig ball,† (p. 85). The pigs are permitted to have a ball to entertain themselves, while the handmaids are only left with their thoughts. The author creates a symbol with the ball to demonstrate how the handmaid’s emotional and intellectual needs were valued even less than a pig’s. The handmaid’s names were also a clear representation of their position in society. For example, Offred, or Of-Fred, is a clear statement that this woman belongs to Fred, and Ofwarren, belongs to Warren. The handmaids didn’t even have enough freedom to maintain their real names. They were forced to accept a new patronymic name that striped them from their former identity entirely. Of-fred is a direct indication that these women are being reduced to the value of an object that can be possessed or thrown away if it doesn’t function properly. Atwood uses symbolism to expand the readers understanding of Offreds and the other handmaids’ dire situations. The handmaids’ lead extremely cautious and guarded lives, because any sign of rebellion could get them killed. The author uses symbols such as the dresses that represents the handmaids fertility, a pig that had more privileges than the women, and the handmaids labels to expand the readers understanding of Offreds position and emotions, because as a handmaid, she could never express them fully. How to cite The Handmaid’s Tale, Papers

A House Divided Against Itself Cannot Stand free essay sample

The phrase, â€Å"A house divided against itself cannot stand† became famous as a quotation from Lincoln’s â€Å"A house divided† speech delivered at 17 June 1858, in what was then the Illinois State Capitol in Springfield, upon accepting the Illinois Republican Partys nomination as that states senator of the United States . The speech became the launching point for his unsuccessful campaign. Abraham Lincoln was not the first one who used the â€Å"A house divided against itself cannot stand† phrase: Sam Huston used it during the Senate debate on the Compromise of 1850,during the War of 1812; a similar line appeared in a letter from Abigail Adams to Mercy Otis Warren. Thomas Paine in 1776 and Thomas Hobbes, in 1651 used something very similar. We, as humans, are social beings†¦so we cannot live alone. We need friends and people with whom we can share our thoughts, our feelings, our life, our experiences and so on. We will write a custom essay sample on A House Divided Against Itself Cannot Stand or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For this reason we form all kinds of groups (friends group, school group, workplace group). If the members of a group are not united, they will be much more easier to defeat by a â€Å"common enemy† or by nature itself. If a group (house) is divided against himself, members will be more easier to beat one by one, then if they are united and their power cumulated. Even if, hypothetically, there is only one group and there will be no external danger, if the member of that group is disunited, the group could not stand and, sooner or later, if the conflicts are not solved, the group will divide in at least two other smaller groups( each one more powerless than the original group will be if its members are united). The â€Å"A house divided against itself cannot stand† phrase applies very well to smaller (but more bounding) groups. For example, a family where the partners are always arguing against each other, it will be very hard (if not impossible) to get over the life challenges and succeed together in life. It is even worse if that family involves at least a child, because it is very probably that he will follow his parents` example and be more rigid with his partner when he will grow up. Another good example are the groups formed in a world full of sharks all running for the biggest prey and winning: the businessman world. If two (or more) business associates are not united they will surely lose because bigger or more cunning sharks will profit from their division against each other. In conclusion a house divided against itself cannot stand (SEE What I did there? ) because it is much more difficult conquer it if its members are united than applying the famous quotation : divide et impera! .

Things Fall Apart and Ibo Community Essay Example

Things Fall Apart and Ibo Community Paper Describe the marriage and family system of the Ibo, using as many terms discussed in class as possible. In the Ibo community, polygamy is an accepted practice. Okonkwo is a prime example of the typical male in the tribe. He has three wives total and many children. In the Ibo community, the more wives a man has the more masculine he is considered. The people of the community worship their ancestors very often. 2. Why did â€Å"things fall apart? † Things fell apart in the Ibo community because of the outside influences coming into their village and changing their culture. The Ibo had a lack of communication with the Christian missionaries. The religions of the two sides differed vastly and they could not truly agree on God or how to worship. The Ibo could not understand the Holy Trinity and they were being told that the statues of their gods that they believed were made by their one supreme god were fake gods. To prevent the community from falling apart, the missionaries could have accepted that the Ibo would not want to change their religion and left the community alone. 3. Was Mr. Brown (the initial missionary) ethnocentric? Why or why not? Mr. Brown was extremely ethnocentric. When he arrived to Umuofia he immediately told the people of the Ibo community that they were worshipping false gods and they must accept Christianity. He says that the gods of the village are incapable of causing any harm to him for the way he speaks about them. He accepted everyone into the church, even those who were outcasts of the community and did not pay attention to the rules of the villagers. 4. We will write a custom essay sample on Things Fall Apart and Ibo Community specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Things Fall Apart and Ibo Community specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Things Fall Apart and Ibo Community specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer What, in your opinion, is the most important message in this novel? I think the most important message in this novel is that some things and some people just aren’t meant to change. There are some people that are so set in their ways that when others intervene, it causes extreme problems. When the messenger at the meeting near the end of the novel says that the meeting is over, Okonkwo kills him immediately because he is so frustrated with the way his people have handled the missionaries since they arrived.

Polanskis Interpretations of Shakespeares Macbeth Essays

Polanskis Interpretations of Shakespeares Macbeth Essays Polanskis Interpretations of Shakespeares Macbeth Paper Polanskis Interpretations of Shakespeares Macbeth Paper Essay Topic: Macbeth Polanskis film version of Macbeth is interesting when studied closely. It contains a lot of references to themes in the play, but also illustrates Polanskis own interpretation of the play. Polanski made a few noticeable changes when converting text to film, with some scenes being added to the film and others being left out of the film version. I will attempt to demonstrate the ideas and thoughts behind this particular version of Macbeth and in doing so I hope to intensify my own viewing experience. A good way of improving a films effect is to analyse the different scenes and find some hidden interpretations and effects. The film begins with a scene that was not in the original text, but was added by Polanski. It starts with a hazy, foggy beach, and we can hear the waves against the shore, giving us an idea of the surroundings. The witches slowly appear from this fog as the camera pans out. Once they reach the foreground, they begin to dig a hole in the sand. Once the hole is complete, they place in it a severed forearm clutching a dagger, along with a hangmans noose. The severed hand has many opportunities for interpretations, but it seems to symbolise murder more than anything else. The dagger itself is a tool for murder, and the arm is gruesomely detached from its owner, so is, in a way, connected with murder. The hangmans noose is another murder tool but also carries with it the theme of justice, as it was used as a form of punishment. Then, the witches pour blood over the murder ensemble as if to complete a spell. After filling the hole, they fade out in to the background, much the same way as their entrance. The use of blood so early on in the play is intriguing, as this image recurs a lot throughout Shakespeares text version. The witches appearance is anything but glamorous. There are three, each seeming to differ in age. There is the younger one, a more middle-aged one and the last seems to be an old crone. The witches clothes are made of rags, leading us to believe that they are not associated with normal society. After this added scene, the film moves on to the battle report, and following that, we see Macbeth on the Scottish moors. This is the stage in the text where he meets the witches for the first time. The scene in the film is accompanied by a depressing bagpipe tune which places an uncertainty in to the viewers mind. The first soliloquy of the film is shown as a close-up of Macbeth. The speech is presented as a voiceover. I think Polanski uses this method of presenting the soliloquy because it shows that Macbeth is actually thinking the words and not saying them. This is not the case in most stage productions as voiceovers are difficult in front of a live audience. This method enhances the atmosphere of the play and makes it seem more realistic. Going back to the subject of the witches, Macbeth meets them again in Act IV, but extra witches have been added to the scene. This makes the whole thing seem like some sort of ceremony or celebration. One interesting aspect of this scene is that none of the witches are wearing clothes. They are all completely naked. This portrays a sense of poverty, but also puts across the theme of the super-natural. When Macbeth arrives at this congregation of witches, they are concocting a potion, which he duly drinks. This leads to the visions of apparitions, the eight kings. As Macbeth sinks into a dream world, the camera spins around him in a wild fashion, making it look like Macbeth is extremely dizzy. This nudity is also shown by Lady Macbeth when she goes mad, which may mean that Polanski saw Lady Macbeth as being linked with the witches somehow. Also, Lady Macbeth tends to speak of evil throughout the text. The film, of course, is full of supernatural references. It both begins and ends with witches (which are both scenes added by Polanski). There are also many other references to the supernatural elements, which include the apparitions that appear before Macbeth, and the Ghost of Banquo that appears in the banquet scene. The banquet scene is done very well in the play, especially with the appearance of Banquos Ghost. The audience can see the ghost, as can Macbeth, but the guests sitting around the table act innocent. The audience then feels the same perplexity as Macbeth, and the truth is only exposed as Macbeth realises the truth. When Macbeth gets a closer look at the Ghost of Banquo, the camera also pans in for a close up. The audience gets a chance to witness the brutality of Banquos injuries, and this intensifies the atmosphere of the scene. Macbeth now realises that it is in fact a ghost that stands before him. His reaction to this information is brilliantly shown, and makes the scene look much more realistic. One scene I thought was shown inadequately was the soliloquy scene in which Macbeth decides to assassinate Duncan. The dagger involved in this scene (Macbeth visualises a dagger and this then influences his decision to kill Duncan) is extremely poorly portrayed. Even though the film was made in 1971, the technology used to generate the dagger was dreadfully utilised. The scene would have looked much better had it not contained a dagger at all. If Macbeth had pretended to see a dagger (which the audience would not see) then the tension would have been increased. The scene would have a peculiar and eerie appearance to it as Macbeth seems to be interacting with thin air. The audience would soon recognize that there is actually a dagger in Macbeths mind and once this is realised, Macbeth would have decided to kill Duncan. This would have made the scene a lot better, compared to the superimposed dagger that was originally used. In my opinion, I think Polanskis film version of Macbeth is very well produced. It has its faults, which can be more or less put down to the available technology. The supernatural effects in the film are shown in a way that captivates the audience and increases the atmosphere of the play. His version, as a conversion from the text, is brilliant in its content. He brings in nearly all of the scenes from the text, and adds more of his own, to great effect.

Heat Capacity Definition in Chemistry

Heat Capacity Definition in Chemistry Heat Capacity Definition Heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a body a specified amount. In SI units, heat capacity (symbol: C) is the amount of heat in joules required to raise the temperature 1 Kelvin. Heat capacity of a material is affected by the presence of hydrogen bonds. The intermolecular forces make it more difficult to increase the kinetic energy and thus temperature of a material. This is why water, ammonia, and ethanol have high heat capacity values. Impurities in a sample also have a dramatic effect on heat capacity. Heat properties of an alloy can vary dramatically from that of its component elements. Trace amounts of contaminants in a sample can change its heat capacity versus that of a pure sample. Examples: One gram of water has a heat capacity of 4.18 J. One gram of copper has a heat capacity of 0.39 J. Sources Emmerich Wilhelm Trevor M. Letcher, Eds. (2010). Heat Capacities: Liquids, Solutions and Vapours, Cambridge, U.K.:Royal Society of Chemistry, ISBN 0-85404-176-1.Halliday, David; Resnick, Robert (2013).  Fundamentals of Physics. Wiley. p.  524.Kittel, Charles (2005). Introduction to Solid State Physics (8th ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey, USA: John Wiley Sons. p. 141. ISBN 0-471-41526-X.

Static Equilibrium Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Static Equilibrium - Coursework Example An object with zero acceleration does not imply that, it is at rest. Objects in equilibrium state are at rest and staying at rest or in momentum and continue to be in momentum with the same speed and direction. This concept also emanates from Newton’s first law of motion (Herbert 135) When an object is at a condition of rest and the forces acting upon its particles are balanced (Equilibrium) then such as situation is referred as static equilibrium. The term static implies a stationary state or a condition of rest. The sum total amount of forces acting upon an object in equilibrium also known as the vector sum is equivalent to 0 Newton (Cathrine 1) An object has to be in a stationary state, the must also not be in a state of transitional acceleration as well as rotational acceleration. In addition, the vector total of all the external forces acting upon it must be zero: ∑ F = 0 Since this object is at equilibrium, the magnitude of the forces represented as Force A, Force B, Force C and Force D acting upon it are balanced. This also implies that the horizontal and the vertical forces sum up to 0 Newton. One method that can be used to measure and establish whether an object is in equilibrium or not is an instance where an object is tied and hanged on two strings attached to weighing scales simultaneously. The diagram is indicated below; The magnitude of the forces acting upon the object is shown by the measurement indicated on scale 1 and scale 2 as well as the magnitude of force A (Cathrine 3) An example of an object at a static equilibrium can also be demonstrated by a box that rests on the floor. The box is impacted on by two external forces at different directions that is, the gravitational force that pulls the box to the centre of the earth. An equivalent force is also impacted by the floor on the box (pushes the box

Leadership Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership - Research Paper Example The point stated in the second article is about emphasizing the detrimental impacts of organized criminals, hacktivists, industrial spies and foreign governments by which they take inappropriate advantage of a cyber environment. Concerning this, 25 associations and the Edison Electric Institute signed a letter to the House leadership voicing out their concerns on the associated principles and opportunities on the topic of cybersecurity and industry (Cyber Principles, 2012). Their voices have become crucial to Senate’s decision for passing legislation on the Cyber Intelligence Sharing and Protection Act. They also have remarkable point by simply trying to convince the Congress with appropriate information favoring on their part and that would meet the need of private economic sectors. This could then point to clear justification of the right legislation and appropriate response from the criminal justice sector. The third article involves discussion of some â€Å"tips for integ rating military intelligence and information for US military commanders as of early 2012† (Flynn & Flynn, 2012, p.4). There are ten points discussed in the article including construction of fusion cells, quality of leadership of military ranks and the synchronization of intelligence and information. ... The three articles provide information that at some point would pave the way for understanding how the criminal justice agencies address modern crimes associated with the advancement of technology or communications technologies. It is clear that many have changed how criminal groups operate from the past compared at present. Now, it is a challenge on the part of the criminal justice agencies to initiate effective and efficient move in order to cope with these various changes. According to Kotter (1998), leadership is about coping with change and it significantly complements with management that also tries to cope with complexity. By this, he does not exclude the idea that leadership in today’s modern world should also try to address faster technological change. Faster technological change based on the above summaries of three articles has become gateway to modern formation of various criminal acts. The chosen three articles could substantiate this point. The first article simp ly tries to expound the challenge of criminal justice agencies to fight prevailing problem associated with cyber sex and child sexual exploitation with the aid of internet. Aside from this, based on the second article, industry and business sectors are also in danger of shaking off their privacy and some potential economic harm that organized criminals, hackers, industrial spies and other modern criminal groups would throw in. In addition, modern terroristic groups have relied on up-to-date technologies. By this, the criminal justice system should also not rely on hopelessly outmoded technologies in generating intelligence and other related information linked with highly established criminal crime groups. Thus, the point of the authors in the third article

The Phantom of the Opera Essay Example for Free

The Phantom of the Opera Essay The phantom of the opera is e novel by a French writer Gaston Lecroux. It was first published us a serialization in a French daily newspaper named â€Å"Le Gaulois† from September 1909 to January 1910. This story sold very poorly upon publication In book form and it was even out of print several times during the twentieth century . But the book is overshadowed by the success of its various film and stage adaptations The most notable of these were the 1925 American silent horror film depiction and Andrew Webbers Musical on 1986 The story take place in Paris on nineth century and is a romantic drama with a little action . There are three main characters , Eric , Christine and Raoul. Un fortuanally they are a love triangle with cristine in the middle . Raoul was cristine; s childhood friend . He saved her scarf from the sea and since they remained friends. Cristine’s mother and father both being dead and she lives with Mamma Valerious , the elderly window of her father’s benefecrtor Cristine’s father was a famous fiddler who played folk music and during her childhood Cristine listen many stories from her father about the â€Å"Angel of Music† who is the personification of musical inspiration. Before he died told her and Roul the story of Little Lotte , a girl who is visited by the Angel of the Music and possesses a heavenly voice Eventually Christine take a position in the chorus at the Paris Opera House. She begins hearing a beautiful, unearthly voice which sings to her and speaks to her. She believes this must be the Angel of Music and asks him if he is. The Voice agrees and offers to teach her a little bit of heavens music. The Voice, however, belongs to Erik, a physically deformed and mentally disturbed charismatic genius who was one of the architects who took part in the construction of the opera. He has been extorting money from the Operas management for many years. Erik kidnaps Christine to his home in the cellars. He plans to keep her there only a few days, hoping she will come to love him, and Christine begins to find him attractive but when she unmask him feeil horror by his ugly face which according to the book, resembles the face of a rotting corpse. Erik change his plans and he decides to keep her with him forever, but when Christine requests release after two weeks, he agrees on condition that she wear his ring and be faithful to him. Up on the roof of the opera house, Christine tells Raoul of Erik taking her to the cellars. Raoul promises to take Christine away where Erik can never find her and to take her even if she resists. Raoul tells Christine he shall act on his promise the following day, to which Christine agrees, but she pities Erik and will not go until she has sung for him one last time. Christine then realizes the ring has slipped off her finger and fallen into the streets somewhere, and begins to panic. The two leave. But neither is aware that Erik has been listening to their conversation or that it has driven him to jealous frenzy. During the week and that night, Erik had been terrorizing anyone who stood in his way or in that of Christines career, including the managers. The following night, Erik kidnaps Christine during a production of Faust (by drugging the gas men and switching the lights off, he spirits Christine off the stage before anyone turned the lights on). Back in the cellars, Erik tries to force Christine into marriage. If she refuses he will destroy the entire opera house and everyone inside with explosives he haw in the cellar Then Cristine realise that Raoul and Persian , an old friend of Eric’s from the past hae come to resue jer but they are trapped in Eric;s torture chamber. Attemping to save the people above she agrees to marry Eric. Raul and Percian find a way to escape and they fall into where Eric keeps the barrels of gunpowder. Fortunately, the Persian, Raoul, and Christine escaped and Erik is broken-hearted and asks them to bury him with the gold ring when he died. When the advertisement is published that â€Å"Erik is dead,† they make sure that Erik is buried next the lake. The author claims the truth of the existence of Erik. He tells that Christine and Raoul eloped to the Scandinavia. He also says that they found a skeleton under the Opera house,a skeleton which he attributes to the Opera ghost

Scarlet Letter :: Free Essay Writer

Scarlet Letter Through out the Scarlet Letter I believe that Hester and Dimmesdale do redeem themselves. I am led to think this for Three major reasons. The first being that the sin is between man and God. In my beliefs they do not have to repent to the people for they have not sinned against them. My second reason for my opinion is that both Hester and especially Dimmesdale feel bad in their hearts for what they have done. The third and final reason is that for every crime I feel that there should be an equal or greater punishment for the crime. Both of the two pay more than what is fair for the crime they committed. Sin is between man and God. Being Lutheran this is a belief of mine that I live by. I believe this for when you sin it is God’s heart you are breaking, there for you must repent to him not the people. Hester does this all through out the book. She takes the scarlet letter as a personal ignominious burden. Hester carries the shame of the A in her heart. Much deeper than just on the outside or in public. By this she shows that she is sorrowed in her heart, which in my opinion means she is repenting to God. It is very easy to see Dimmesdale’s shame and repentance in every action he carries out through out the book. Dimmesdale talks of how hard it is to preach to a congregation and save souls when his is polluted. In every action he does he feels bad for the crime he has committed and it shows with his health. For not being able to obtain peace of mind he looses sleep and proper nourishment and eventually his health for a very long period of time. When one can not obtain peace of mind in my opinion it is because ninety-nine percent of the time something is on their conscious. A conscious was God given meaning that there for Dimmesdale is constantly feeling bad begging for forgiveness from God. God is very forgiving and it is written that Jesus died on the cross to cleanse us of our sins. My interpretation of this means to me that Dimmesdale repenting with his whole heart will be forgiven. If one is inline with God I feel that they are redeemed. There are cases in the bible where it says if one is to sin against the people or the church then he must confess in front of those he

Green technology

Green Technology: Past, Present and Now Sheilamarie Luzader INF103: Computer Literacy Edward Bakker August 5, 2013 What is green technology? â€Å"Green Technology is the development and application of products, equipment and systems used to conserve the natural environment and resources, which minimizes and reduces the negative impact of human activities. † (kettha. gov/. my/en/content/defintion-greentechnology) Green technology is extremely important for the planet and us, as human beings.Green technology has given people the opportunity overcome the reaping of natural resources and to build p the environment that the human race is consistently tearing down and damaging. Everything has a cause and reaction. Because the human race is exhausting the natural resources that the earth is providing, we are becoming reliant on something that is not going to last forever. Green technology gives the opinion to find alternatives that will be more environmentally sound and will improve life itself.Within this paper, I will cover green technologies history, what green technology is doing during the present day and what is to come in green technology and what you can do to make an impact. Many people fail to realize that green technology has been around for a very long time. Although, people in that time did not realize that they were being environmentally friendly. They were simply exploring ways to meet their needs. Many things helped pave the way for Green technology and simply then a better way of doing things and a way to live better from forms of solar power, windmills, to the power of steam, and even electric cars.The power of the sun has been used probably since the beginning of time. In 1839, Alexandre Edmond Becquered discovered a photovoltaic effect which is the process of electricity generated from the unlight. Over a hundred years later another major breakthrough comes from Calvin Fuller, Gerald Pearson and Daryl Chapin discovered the Silicon Solar Cel l, in 1953. After this, around 1956, many things start to change. Solar cells are then being put into everyday objects like toys and radios. To major accomplishments, like the first spacecraft being powered by solar cells.This spacecraft, Soyuz 1, was launched in 7 From then on, solar power took ott in a slow but never ceasing climb. From to 1990, solar began powering railroad crossings to powering houses. Another major ilestone solar energy has passed is a solar car in 1982 created by Hans Tholstrup, the â€Å"Quiet Achiever. † To think that then there were energy sources that one could never run out of. Just like being able to harvest the power of the wind. The first windmill was reportedly in Persia in 7 A. D. They used the windmills to water their crops. This passed on through Asia and spread to Africa and other surrounding areas.The Dutch in the 14th century created the tower windmill with the larger lattice work arms with the stretched canvas across. This is the windmil l that many people picture when they think of a windmill. With this design, they were now able to move larger amounts of water to where they needed water. By the 19th century the windmill count was a s high as 30,000. The windmill craze caught on in America and spread throughout the Great Plains. The peak time for windmills was from about 1880 to 1935. During this time many farmers relied on these windmills to bring the water.Without water, they have no crops and no life essentially. In 1930, the windmill can to a massive roadblock that halted windmills as they knew it back then. The Rural Electrification Administration made it possible to pump 20 to 30 gallons of water with a simple electric pump. This killed the windmill. In the mix of windmills and the Industrial Revolution came steam power. In 1698, Thomas Savery coined the first steam powered pump. This then was improved by combining that with pistons and cylinders by Thomas Newcomen and again by James Watt.Steam power made it possible for factories to be anywhere. Whereas, windmills and water power had forced factories to be by large bodies of water. This sparked the industries to use steam power for everything from textile work to metalworking. James Watt lay claim to the term â€Å"horsepower. † He believed that with these steam engines he could replace how many horses? So from there it became 4 horse power, 5 horsepower and so on. Steam power really laid the ground work for many great inventions to come. The first steam powered locomotive was first put on track in 1804. This was a major step.Goods could now be transported by other means then animals and humans. The United Sates put a steam engine on a ship Just 3 short years later to make a 150 mile Journey. Steam power had been pushing society into a new level of transportation, labor and leisure. This green way of doing things slowly faded away with the coming age of the electric motors and internal combustion engines. Electric otors were als o a green alternative to other engines that were not environmentally friendly. The first electric car is unknown. However, there are many individuals that made a remarkable impression of this fad.In 1828, †¦nyos Jedlik designed and invented an electric powered car. From then Robert Anderson, Professor Stratingh and his assistant Chistopher Becker and Thomas Davenport also invented an electric powered car. William Morrison's design however made electric vehicles more practical with the capability of having a passenger. This pioneered the way for the first commercial taxi fleet in New York City, in 1897. Electric vehicles had many perks. For instance they did not smell bad, have bad vibrations and were not a loud as a gas powered vehicle. They were green and did not even know it.Many people do not even see this history as a green history, because they believe green technology to be a 21st century kind ot technology. Many people these days are blinded by society to see what is rig ht in front of them, green technology and the importance to our world and communities it brings. To move forward in this technologically advanced world, as inhabitants of the Earth we need to look back to these unattended green advances nd learn from them. We have to revert back to technologies like those in order to save our planet and mankind. We need to learn to become eco-friendly to save what little â€Å"eco† we have left.In todays society, there are many green technologies out there from solar power and other renewable energy sources, hybrids and electric cars, and energy efficient appliances. Solar technology is by far the technology to take society to the next level of green thinking and a better way of life. Solar energy can provide electricity, can heat a house, and it can also save money from both a residential stand point to a ommercial perspective as well. Road signs and lights are also going green and using a solar powered systems to generate the power they nee d. This saves the government money as well.Going green and using renewable sources not only helps your wallet stay full, but it helps the environment as well. By using solar power, greenhouse gases and other air pollutants will decrease which in turn will be greatly beneficial to the environment. Here is a chart that shows the U. S. ‘s energy consumption: As we deplete the natural resources our plant has to offer, mankind needs to find a etter solution to bring down the petroleum, natural gas, and coal consumption to help clean up our environment and improve our quality of life. What humans pull from the ground is not an endless supply.This is a harsh reality that society needs to grasp in order to move forward into an eco-friendly way of life, which will be needed in the coming future. Not only do we need to cut energy consumption in our homes, but in our vehicles as well. Hybrids have come a very long way. They built the automobile industry from the ground up. Starting from steam to electric to gas guzzling SUVs, as a whole we have went forward by going backwards. The early concepts were not to save the environment and reduce pollution, they were simply a form of transportation.Nowadays, people want the fastest, coolest car no matter the price and what the repercussions are for owning a car that is not eco-friendly. Who cares if your car emits gases that are harmful to the environment or to yourself? Who cares if we use up all the oil in the world? My answer: We all should! If we Just take and take and give nothing in return to the Earth, where will we be in 50 years? A small change that can significantly improve our environment is our cars. Hybrids cars still use gasoline but to a much small scale and the back lashes from driving one is significantly better on our environment than a regular gas guzzling car.Many people are making the switch to hybrid cars. Not only are these cars fuel efficient, but can one day lead to a cleaner and brighter future. B elow is a chart of hybrids bought from 1999 to last year 2012. This Chart from http://www. evsroll. com/ Hybrid_Car_Statistics. html really puts in perspective that now over a million hybrid cars have been bought since the slow start up or reintroduction of hybrid cars in 999. Along witn hybrid cars, a new wave ot appliances nave been making their way to the green scene. Energy efficient appliances may not seem like much, but in all actuality they can help a lot.An average house hold can cause Just as much pollution if not more than a gas powered car every year. How you may ask? Because the power plants we use to power our homes burn fossil fuel and the more energy we consume, the more fossil fuel that is burned that goes directly into our environment. When we purchase energy efficient appliances the less energy we use. This in turn causes the power lants to not burn as much fossil fuel right into our environment. These products will also help save money on utility bills as well. By using energy-efficient appliances, households can save up to $400 per year on utility bills. (EarthEasy)† With the advancing green technologies from hybrid cars to energy efficient appliances, there are many more to come in the future. Although one cannot predict the future, we can predict that green living and technologies will be on a slow uphill battle to gain support and usage throughout the world. In a sense, the fate of the world rest on these kinds of technologies, because e need to find a way to live in harmony with nature and not completely suck it dry. The future is soon coming with green technology.As a society, we are Just now getting on to the solar panels and their systems. However, there is a Norwegian company, EnSol AS that has created a solar spray that goes on regular windows on a house. In some sense it is like putting Windex on the windows and not wiping it off. This transparent spray is that convenient that one cannot even tell the spray is there. This te chnology is going to bring solar power to many people because it has become so easy and convenient. I believe that with that there will be more technology that can make green technology easier and more convenient for consumers to use.I also believe that in the coming years the hybrid car market will skyrocket and continue to evolve to create cars that are more eco-friendly. I want to believe as a society we will become more environmentally aware of what is happening and what we can do to stop it. As individuals there are many ways to help by doing little things that we can control. Unplugging your appliances when they are not in use, will bring down energy costs and will eliminate wasted power. By composting your waste, you are giving back to environment and reducing waste because you are recycling for instance to a garden, that will help plants grow.A major component that everyone can do that will reduce plastic waste is to stop buying plastic water bottles and buy a water bottle t hat is reusable. Switch to Compact Fluorescent Light bulbs, these light bulbs can cut cost of energy and be a safer and efficient light source. Taking short showers and use cold water when washing your clothes are Just some more simple ways to cut energy costs. To help the environment more walk or ride your bike, instead of driving. Instead of putting pollutants into the air, you can get exercise in and enjoy time outside.Another key component would be to recycle every chance you get. All the little stuff adds up to the bigger picture. Also to recycle electronics the right way. Do not throw them away in the garbage. There is special places you can take your electronics to recycle. And finally, turn off the lights. When you leave a room do not leave the light on, this is Just plan wasteful and throwing money right out the window. Within this paper, I covered green technologies history, what green technology is can do to make an impact. Green technology is our future and our way to ma ke a better, safer and healthier environment.http://www.hybridcars.com/history-of-hybrid-vehicles/http://www.backwoodshome.com/water-pumping-windmills/http://www.worldwatch.org/resources/go_green_save_greenhttp://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/07/21/top-10-green-countries-ph_n_241867.htmlhttp://www.alternet.org/election-2016/trump-tv-ratingshttp://www.sciencefocus.com/article/future/exciting-new-green-technology-futurehttps://www.pluralsight.com/blog/life/green-tech-past-presenthttps://www.treehugger.com/htgg/how-to-go-green-in-the-community.htmlhttp://time.com/section/health/http://www.amerlux.com/content/press-releases/files/Amerlux_Energy_Observer_8-131.pdfhttps://www.greentechmedia.com/channel/gridtech/events/live/the-networked-ev-2011/articles/read/Solar-Dumping-Claim-CASM-Responds-to-CASE-and-CPIA/P3235http://www.livescience.com/2612-steam-engine-changed-world.htmlhttp://www.livebinders.com/play/play?id=1792348

Curse: Having Diverse Ethnic Identity

CURSE: HAVING DIVERSE ETHNIC IDENTITY Multicultural people can be defined as a people who have more than one culture in other words who grew up with more than one cultural identity. A person who grew up with more than one culture is having a mixed ethnic identity. Amin Maloouf, who has mixed ethnic identity, is a Lebanese author, who born in Beirut. His father was from Melikte Greek Catholic community and on the other hand his mother was from Turkey. Also Maalouf (1998) mentions that he has lived in France for twenty-two years, (as cited in Eken, A. N. amp; Rodrigues, B & Atabas, H. G. & Harris, J & Gunceri, M & Bilgic, M. L. & Tack, S& Onel, Z, 2010, p. 255), which shows that he is living three different cultures, in other words he is having mixed ethnic identity. Maalouf argues that â€Å"having mixed ethnic identity is not a curse; on the contrary, it is blessing. † As arguments and evidences show that having mixed ethnic identity is not always blessing, it is mostly a curs e for some reasons like; psychological and behavioural problems, educational and communicative problems and some problems in team work.Having different cultural identity is having two different cultures both from your mother and father, which will come up with; both having different perspectives and which will make person to remain open-minded. Different perspectives make people to think in different ways also different conversations thus Parekh (2006) argues that â€Å"different perspectives intended to equip individuals with the ability to converse in multiple cultural idioms, leading to an appreciation of the complexity of the truth, freedom from ethnocentric practices and the ability to learn from other cultures. (as cited in McGlynn, 2009, p. 300), which makes mixed identical people better than mono identical people. Even though bi ethnic individuals having bad experiences like marginalizing from society and come across with racism. On the other hand also they are experiencing the positive way of having mixed ethnic identity like being open-minded. As Korgen (1998) and Ross (1996) argued that, as a result of being open-minded, people with diverse identity correspond to the situations and people in different ways, thus this makes them to have â€Å"ability to see things from different point of views. (as cited in Abu-Rayya, 2006, p. 670). According to what Maalouf says, without any counter argument diverse ethnic identity is blessing just for having ability to see things in different point of views and being open-minded for different situations and different. In contrary what Maalouf has said, that mixed ethnic identity is blessing, in diverse team work there are both positive and negative effects of multicultural diversity but the negative effect of the diversity makes the team performance less effective than non diverse team.With having different cultures at the same time means having various acquirements and being interested in more than one thing as mixed cultural identity provides. Thereby Bodenhausen (2009) argues that team performance will positively affected by mixed cultural members of the team which they come up with various knowledge and skills. By bringing different skills and knowledge together in the group, Somers (2006); Wrap & Mahoney (2008) argue that these differences make other people to think in more sophisticated way, which makes the team performance better. (as cited in Bodenhausen, 2009, p. ) Sharing the knowledge by mixed ethnic members, there emerges a competitive motivation that will increase the performance in the team (Launt & Philips, 2007). Because of these reasons in the group each member of the team will complement each other and it will end with the increment of the team performance. In contrary to this positive situation, there are bad effects of having diversely ethnic members in the team. Trianduis (1960) argues that interpersonal problems and communicative difficulties have occurred by cultural diversity in the group, which does affect the performance negatively.Additional to this Kirchmeyer & Cohen (1992) indicate that this communicative difficulties bring to an end to the emotional conflicts. This communication problem and emotional conflicts or generally conflicts within the group are because of not having a common, exact culture. More over Pfeffer (1983) says that the reason for these problems are â€Å"having fewer shared experiences, having less in common and expressing more difference of opinion. † (as cited in Collin & Tagesson, 2008, p. 24). Because members express their selves in different way, they will be misunderstood by the other members of the team, and even because they do not have in common much; like culture or experiences; they will come across with a communication problem. As a result of these, O’Reilly, Cardwell, and Barnett (1989) claim that these problems will â€Å"threat the cohesiveness of the team† (as cited in Collin & Tages son, 2008, p. 224). In these circumstances, performance of the diverse eam will be much lower, when it is compared with ethnically homogenous team. Beside mono cultural identity; multicultural identity enables people to compose their own identities but while composing, some problems emerge like; not forming a coherent identity because of the result of acculturation, also undermining the national identity. Sen (2006) â€Å"rejects a plural mono culturalism that essentializes identity in favour of multicultural practice that endows the freedom to cultivate reasoned choice of identity priority (as cited in McGylnn, 2009, p. 00). In contrary to blessing part of having diverse ethnic identity, there is an issue that called acculturation which is the â€Å"exchange of cultural features that results when groups of individuals having different cultures come into continuous first hand contact. † This acculturation may cause culture shock or acculturation stress while identifying your self. In other words Jensen (2003) says, in forming a coherent identity, people come across with difficulties because of acculturation.They are having paradox because of the cultures’ various requirements. Thereby, they cannot properly decide which one to own or which one to not so, they mess up and then with the identity confusion they are marginalized from homogenous society. More over because of multiculturalism; Uberoi (2008) claims that â€Å"multicultural policies sometimes make people to focus on their cultural identities instead of their national one, thus making the latter unimportant to them. Having multicultural identity bridges the cultures and makes these cultures develop but on the other hand it has negative effect on identity which are cultural shock and acculturative stress; which is not blessing but it is cursing for a person who has diverse ethnic identity. For the positive side of having diverse ethnic identity Parekh argues that â€Å"no single culture c an embody all that is valuable in human life nor develop the full range of human possibilities. † (as cited in McGlynn, 2009, p. 00) In other words, cultures correct and complement each others’ both mistakes and missing and also expand each others’ perspectives by bringing different cultures in one body, which shows that they are bridging each other. More over multicultural identity help humans to develop their selves by learning from others. But in contrast to this, bridging and complementing the cultures, it affect people negatively and it brings acculturative stress and cultural shock both behavioural and psychological way. While trying to bridge cultures it come up an end with behavioural and psychological problems because of identity confusion.By identity confusion Arnett claims that â€Å"substance use, prostitution, armed aggression, and suicide† have emerged in multicultural individuals. (as cited in Jensen, 2003, p. 194) Because diverse ethnic ind ividuals sidelined by the society, they are having some psychological problems like; â€Å"low self-esteem, feelings of anxiety, depression, guilt, despair, hopelessness† (Brown (2001); Moyotshi (1990), as cited in Abu-Rayya, 2006, p. 669) also the feeling of ambivalence over their personal, racial, or ethnic identity (Brandell (1988); Brown (1990); Pinderhuges (1995), as cited in Abu-Rayya, 2006, p. 69). For example; Abu-Rayya mention about Arap-European children who are the having both Arabic and Europen culture together, â€Å"which may subject them to psychological maladjustment and disturb their personal and ethnic development. † More over Abu-Rayya says that as a minority group in the mono-ethnic Arabs, they live as scattered individuals and â€Å"may be perceived as a threat to the continuity of the ethnic and cultural structure(s) of the Arab group† which this threat may surrender them to social exclusion.Although the social exclusion or any behavioural or psychological problems, multicultural education is more effective in culturally integrated school, however less parents choose these integrated schools. Reich (2002) indicates that multicultural education is more effective in schools which are culturally integrated (as cited in McGlynn, 2009, p. 301). According to McGlynn it is effective but it is â€Å"frequently highly contentious. † Children are not attending to integrated schools because of their parents.In Northern Ireland, education system remains separate, McGlynn claims that: â€Å"with children either attending Catholic maintained schools or de facto Protestant controlled schools. Parents are against to integrated school in Northern Ireland; under 1989 Education Reform (Northern Ireland) Order to government has a duty to meet the needs of parents requesting integrated education and provides two types† (p. 301), both integrated schools and controlled schools According to NICIE (2008) only 6% of the pupil pop ulation attend integrated schools (as cited in McGlynn, 2009, p. 01). This shows even the education is better in integrated, diverse schools; parents do not want their children to study in those schools because of the other problems. As a conclusion, Amin Maalouf, who has ethnic diverse identity, has said that having mixed ethnic identity is blessing; but as evidences shows that it is not blessing it is cursing because of the behavioural and psychological problems, having difficulties in education, decreasing the team performance and problems while creating the identity.So; having diverse ethnic identity is not blessing, it is cursing. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Abu-Rayya, H. M. (2006). Ethnic identity, ego identity, and psychological well-being among mixed-ethnic Arab-European adolescents in Israel. Brithis Journal of Development, Vol, 24, DOI: 10. 1207/s1532706xid0604_3 Bodenhausen, G. V. (2009). Diversity in the person diversity in the group: Challengesof identity complexity for social percep tion and socail interaction. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40 from http://icproxy. abanciuniv. edu:2055/ehost/detail? sid=1cd41c5e-d9eb-4053-86e0-b31165dd43e1%40sessionmgr12&vid=20&hid=12&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=a9h&AN=47805859 * Jensen, L. A. (2003). Coming of Age in a Multicultural World: Globalization and Adolescent Cultural Identity Formation. Applied Developmental Science, Vol. 7 from: * http://icproxy. sabanciuniv. edu:2055/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? vid=20&hid=12&sid=1cd41c5e-d9eb-4053-86e0-b31165dd43e1%40sessionmgr12 * McGlynn, C. (2003).Integrating education: Parekhian multiculturalism and good practice. Intercultural Education, Vol. 20, DOI: 10. 1080/14675980903351938 Tagesson, T. (2008). Ethnic and gender diversity, process and performance in groups of business students in Sweeden. Intercultural Educati? n, Vol. 19, DOI: 10. 1080/14675980802078608 Uberoi, V. (2008). Do Policies of Multiculturalism Change National Identities? The Political Quarterly, Vol. 79, DOI: 10. 1111/j. 1467-923X. 2008. 00942. x http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Multiculturalism

Affects of 3rd Party Systems essays

Affects of 3rd Party Systems essays Before going into the research paper to explain the affects that the creation of the 2 party systems had on 3rd party politics we need to have concise and in-depth comprehension knowledge on the two party systems in America. In the past, American political parties were customarily looked to for jobs and favors by the party followers and contributors. The American political system has been primarily a two party system ever since the Whig party left office in 1852. The Democrats and the Republicans have been the two parties fighting for the Presidency since that time. There have always been many other parties since that time, called, 3rd political parties the introduction to American politics that voices the opinions of others not in favor of the 2 party systems. "Third parties have contributed huge ideas to American politics, from the abolition of slavery, to a woman's right to vote, to child labor laws. Their relatively recent exile to the margins of American political life is highl y unfortunate. The Natural Law Party: A Reason to Vote gives us the information we need to bring third parties back to center stage." (Marianne Williamson) Since the mid 1850's, the Democrats and Republicans have had control of the nation government. The long term existence in the American political system has enabled them to become very powerful. The only opposition to these parties was the 3rd party systems. The emergence of the parties has come mainly as a reaction to history where most of the rulers have been dictators or kings. The people do not favor dictatorship and therefore created other political parties to better represent the feelings of the voters. There are many newly formed political third parties. These parties include the Reform Party, the Green Party, the Libertarian Party, the Natural Law Party, and the US Taxpayers Party. The Reform party is one of the more widely known of these. Ross Perot founded the Reform Party several years ago. Thi...

Salary Negotiation Tactics for College Students

Salary Negotiation Tactics for College Students Your education was a valuable investment. You need to walk the walk in order to leverage it and get the salary you deserve. If you have never had a career before, it can be intimidating to negotiate your pay with potential employers. Do your homework, then go for the gold with these negotiation tactics that are sure to help you establish a pay rate you are comfortable with. Research Salaries Within the Company If it is at all possible to find out how much other people within the organization are making, do so. Find out as much as you can about any positions similar to yours and the experience, if you can, of the workers doing the job. Sometimes this part can be tricky since financial information can be considered a personal confidential matter. Sometimes you can find tax information about the organization and nothing more. If this is the case, just use it as food for thought as you find out more about what you’re worth. You can potentially compare this to other similar companies and make educated guesses about what’s reasonable. Look Up Salary Averages in Your Local and Regional Area Within your job description, you should be able to find salary averages, both in your city and in your region. This is where comparing company profits might come in handy. For example, if you are applying for a position at a company that is on the lower end of the profit scale, you shouldn’t ask for the same salary as the highest average in your area. In that case, you should ask for less. Make Sure You’ve Come Across as an Exceptional Candidate If you’re at this point in the game, you already know this company likes you, but have you completely wowed them? Do something that will set the stage for your negotiation, making you stand out from all other candidates, and show your employer that they do not want you slipping through their fingers. This is the key to leverage showing up as your best self and making sure that has been recognized. You don’t achieve this by being arrogant, but you don’t get it by being mousy either. Try to find a problem the organization is facing, knows they are facing, and solve it for them. Service is the best way to add value to any situation. Expand the Proposal Beyond Monetary Compensation Do not forget to consider benefits such as a healthcare package, vacation time, window office, new phone, work from home days, expense accounts for travel, etc. You can’t be too creative with this, but do stay reasonable. For whatever you are asking, you should include reasons, in your proposal, why the items would help you do your job. Use Facts in Your Negotiation Once you have all the facts, write them down in a way that is clear, conceptual, and never demanding. Employers will want to see exactly how you came up with your proposed rate, especially since you have no prior experience. Answer any questions they might have before they ask, especially why you might want the amount you’re asking for. Then, continue revising your proposal as many times as you need to feel great about it. Once you’ve got the right proposal, the one you feel good about (Don’t spend weeks on this, since you want it done in time to start working asap.), present it to the company in a way that you think they will feel good about. Send it to the appropriate person for review in a format that is appropriate for the company’s size and how busy the hiring staff seems. The best case scenario is to ask how they would prefer you present your proposal, whether this be in person or via email, etc. The bottom line is that you shouldn’t let the idea of negotiation intimidate you to the point of missing out on what you deserve. By doing thorough research and planning, you should find the confidence to find the salary you want and need without much stress.

Technology in Correctional Facilities Term Paper

Technology in Correctional Facilities - Term Paper Example Technological prisons are designed in a manner in which violators or the offenders within the prisons are as well taken care of in terms of their behavioral checks and controls. It is obvious that the inmates would always resort to certain acts that would jeopardize the general security of both the fellow inmates and the correctional facilities (Vargas et al., 2011). The technology is then instituted in several broader paradigms to minimize injuries or other physical punishments. These actions limit the occurrence such violations thereby maximizing the overall security of both the inmates well as facilitating put that assist in the administration of the prisons (Stahl, 2006). To start with, the technology tends to offer a series of strategies that deal with social engineering. These among others include the removal of the violators’ targets within the prisons, which minimizes the opportunity for the inmates finding avenues to commit a crime. Secondly is making the violatorâ₠¬â„¢s target valueless. For instance, it aims at making the target of the intended offense quite unattractive hence reducing the desire of the inmates to interfere. Another revolves around the incapacitation of the offenders (United States.1994). These may include, restrainers, immobilizers, or containers that reduce the will or urge by the offender or incapacitates their ability to undertake an offending action. Another strategy includes the insulation of the offenders’’ targets on derailing the ability or accessibility on the offender's side to commit the offense. In this case, tranquilizers may be afforded to help suppress certain behaviors that are deemed quite aggressive such as the sexual drives that often cause sexual misbehaviors and offense-related courses (Stahl, 2006). Technology prisons against nontechnology prisons It is quite vital necessary to identify the difference between technology prisons and the prisons where there are many interactions between the correctional officers and the inmates are as unimpeachable as the application and the efficacy of the former. This emphasizes on the proper technology and the level in which it is applied.

Air Conditioning System Design for the Commercial Office Building Essay

Air Conditioning System Design for the Commercial Office Building - Essay Example Central systems are used for circulating conditioned air to different parts of the building. The primary advantage of such systems is maintaining of uniform temperatures throughout the building. While designing the system air distribution, temperatures and cost-effectiveness are important criteria. The system is comprised of plenums for supply and return; ducts; fittings; and associated components. Air handling units operate as a package unit with plant units. The system is assembled with pipework, ductwork and electrical connections at the site. The fan is placed upstream of the heater battery and cooling coil as the fans operate ideally when the system resistance of the outlet. The air distribution system is a separate distribution system as there are the specific temperature and humidity requirements. The air leakage limit is in accordance with the operating static pressure in excess of 750Pa according to the Code of Practice. The fan system has been designed as the sum of all fans required for the design conditions. Considerations include intake of outdoor air; circulation of air between heating and cooling source and space to be air-conditioned. Exhaust is to the outdoors. According to the Code of Practice Supply of constant air volume at design conditions does not exceed 1.6 W per L/s based on total fan motor power required for constant air volume fan system; and 2.1 W per K/s of supply air quantity for variable air volume system. Each floor has been considered as a zone, and individual thermostatic controls operate each air conditioned zone. However, controls do not permit heating and cooling operation simultaneously, or heating previously cooled air or vice versa. The air conditioning system includes automatic control devices for regulation of temperature. The thermostatic controls are able of adjusting setpoint temperature for the space being served.  A humidistat has been included as a part of a system that is capable of adding or removing moisture for maintaining specific humidity levels.

The History of Iraq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The History of Iraq - Essay Example The British came to this region to take part in and control business activities. After all, Iraq is one of the countries which are endowed by oil wells which needed to be exploited at whatever costs. I am certain that this is the reason why the British colonial expansion by brought a lot of socio-political stability in the region. Indeed, their exclusivist ideologies widened the Shia-Sunni rift which had characterized Iraq for a very long time. I would like to agree with this student for giving a true version of the history of Iraq. First, he is right for saying that the Ottoman Empire had been in control of the larger parts of the Middle East especially before the end of the World War I. as he reports, their regime came to an end especially after losing the war to more superior powers such as the British. The student is also right for reporting that the alliance between the Ottoman Empire and the Germans did not bear any fruit because they lost the war before eventually getting stripped of their colonial territories like Iraq. Moreover, I am in a strong agreement with his student for accurately reporting that Iraq, as a nation, was created from three provinces including Bagdad, Basra, and Mosul. Indeed, the curving of Iraq’s geographical boundaries would later bring more problems as it became one of the reasons for constant rivalries between its nationals. In fact, as the student says, it partly contributed to the unending Iraq-Syria conflict over the ISIS attempts to realign the earlier Ottoman boundary.

Case The Coffee Shop Market Starbucks Marketing Essay

Case The Coffee Shop Market Starbucks Marketing Essay Starbucks Corporation is an international coffeehouse chain, founded in 1971 in Seattle, Washington. Starbucks serves a variety of beverages including brewed coffee, tea, hot chocolate, espresso and a selection of bottled drinks. Starbucks also sells whole bean coffee and a variety of ready-to-eat snacks. The first Starbucks location to open outside of North America was in Tokyo in 1996; and from then on Starbucks became an international brand, expanding both nationally and globally. This report will attempt to examine the situation of Starbucks in Japan. It will bring out the marketing strategy to be adopted for a rise in profitability of Starbucks Japan in the next two years. In addition, it will attempt to explain the use of marketing mix to aid the chosen strategy. SWOT ANALYSIS: 1.1 STRENGTHS: 1.1.1 Strong brand image: Starbucks brand name, quality customer service and store ambience are its key strengths. It has maintained its international operations to ensure consumer recognition. Starbucks is renowned for its high quality products and has maintained a consistently positive consumer experience that has helped Starbucks build a strong brand image. Starbucks spends less than 1% of revenue on advertising and promotion each year which indicates they rely on an established company image (P. Ghauri, International marketing case study: Starbucks-Going Global Fast). Starbucks key competitor in Japan-Doutor coffee, had taken advantage of Starbucks brand image and copied its logo, while replicating the experience rendered to customers in its retail outlets. (Ono, 2003). This shows that the Starbucks image is a strength worth mimicking. With a well-established brand image in America, it was sure to expect recognition in the Japanese market, because the consumers there have a fondness for everything western . (http://azjatycka.wordpress.com/2009/11/05/international-marketing-strategy-of-starbucks-in-japan-success-or-a-failure/) 1.1.2 Commitment to community: Starbucks contributes a considerable amount of its resources to corporate social responsibility programs (Kotabe Helsen, 2004). According to Butler (2006)-CSR programs influence 70% of all consumer purchasing decisions, with many investors and employees also being swayed in their choice of companies. As a result, Starbucks involvement in the CSR programs helps its competitiveness in the business world. 1.1.3 Widespread Presence in International Markets: Starbucks has ventured into foreign markets with astonishing pace opening its outlets in 40 countries with 2068 stores worldwide. This widespread expansion has allowed its presence to be felt across the globe. 1.1.4 Retail outlets present at convenient and accessible locations: Starbucks has opened a number of coffee shops at convenient locations like shopping malls, libraries, university campuses, office buildings etc. They are typically located in high traffic, high visibility locations.(Starbucks annual report, 2008) 1.1.5 Presence of a variety of food items Beverages in addition to Coffee: Starbucks stores offer a choice of regular and decaffeinated coffee beverages, a broad selection of Italian-style espresso beverages, cold blended beverages, iced shaken refreshment beverages and a selection of premium teas. Starbucks stores also offer a variety of fresh food items, including healthier choice selections focussing on high-quality ingredients, nutritional value and great flavour. 1.1.6 Well Developed Corporate Strategy and Good Marketing skills. Weaknesses: 1.2.1 Lack of internal focus: Starbucks focuses too much on over-expansion, at times tending to ignore the problems arising withinconsistent employer dissatisfaction. The number of competitors: There are an ever increasing number of competitors that either mimic the Starbucks concept or try to get on par with its growth by providing the same line of products at a lesser price. Examples: Dotour Coffee, Tullys Japan, Mac Donalds. Self- cannibalisation: The strategy of over expansion has resulted in stores opened very close to each other, thus eating into the others sales. Product Pricing: Starbucks perceives itself as a premium gourmet coffee brand and bases its price on the quality of its beverages and in-store customer experience. Unfortunately, many competitors while offering a similar type of environment and lesser priced beverages are eating into Starbucks market share. 1.3 Opportunities: Flexible Tastes: Japanese consumers are influenced by western brands and have a fondness for them. They are open to new products and tastes and hence Japan is a viable market to test new products. New concepts can be concocted and brought out in the market at a faster pace, when compared to US or Europe. Thus those products that turn out to be popular and gain acceptance in the Japanese market can be introduced in the US market with positive expectations. For example, the Green Tea Frappuccino which was first introduced in Japan turned out to be a sensation and was thus launched in the United States too. (http://www.qsrmagazine.com/articles/news/story.phtml?id=4589). Thus, the flexible tastes of Japanese consumers give Starbucks an opportunity to develop new products and gain profits. Instant products: Starbucks recently launched its first premium soluble coffee stick product in Japan. About 60% of the total coffee sold in Japan is soluble. Hence Starbucks can capitalise on this aspect of Japans coffee market to enhance its sales through a variety of soluble ready to make coffee products. (http://news.starbucks.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=416) Diversifying its beverages: Starbucks is looking to sell regional wine and beer at its outlets in Seattle. It could introduce this concept in some of the Japanese stores as consuming western alcoholic brands is a trend among the Japanese clientele. (http://www.thestreet.com/story/10891284/starbucks-tests-alcohol-cheese-offerings.html . Growth opportunities: Though the overall market in Japan is nearing saturation, and Starbucks overexpansion in big cities has given it a lesser change at a steep growth, it could still expand to the less-saturated regions allowing it to exceed its growth potential. 1.4 Threats: 1.4.1 Cannibalisation: Starbucks extravagant growth and over expansion involves a risk of customer fatigue. Starbucks has introduced an array of new products and an increased product innovation lowers the sale of current products. Also with many stores opened close to one other, there is a risk of some stores facing loss. Thus, cannibalisation is a major threat as the coffee chain is reaching saturation in most of the big cities. 1.4.2 Dependency on raw materials The fluctuations in coffee and dairy prices are a potential threat for Starbucks. Starbucks is reliant on dairy and a rise in prices of the raw material could affect its profit margins. (Wikinvest, 2008). 1.4.3 Cultural differences: In USA, about 80% of Starbucks sales are takeout orders. In Japan 80% of consumers prefer to drink in the store outlets. Thus consumers preference to use the store atmosphere might turn out to be a threat to Starbucks plans of building a number of drive through outlets in Japan. (Chozick,2006). 1.4.4 Shrinking Disposable incomes. 1.4.5 Competition: Immediate competition from fast-food restaurants catching on the specialty coffee wave and developing products that competes with Starbucks. Tim Hortons -Nestle Dunkin Donuts McDonalds PESTLE ANALYSIS: Political Factors: Despite being far apart geographically, Japan USA have similar political structures. The Emperor is the head of the state, but the real power resides in the parliament and is mainly held by the Prime Minister.( House of Councillors, 2008). In USA, different states have the power to regulate businesses; whereas in Japan, regulations are laid down by the Diet and enforced throughout the country. This indicates that there are less complicated and less conflicting regulations to be concerned about when International businesses seek entry into the Japanese market. ( House of councillors, The constitution of Japan, as promulgated on November 3, 1946). (http://www.sangiin.go.jp/eng/law/index.htm) Economic Factors: Measured on a purchasing power parity basis, Japan is the 3rd largest economy in the world. But going by the official exchange rates, Japan would emerge as the 2nd largest economy, behind USA. Japan had a spectacular economical growth in the 1980s, however, growth slowed down considerably in the 1990s. Japan entered into recession in 2008, with 2009 marking a return to near 0% interest rates( CIA, as accessed on 24th oct,2010) with its GDP rising to 5.3%, when compared to 1.2% in 2008. Socio-cultural: Individuals from varied backgrounds are exposed to different traditions, rituals, customs and religions. All these factors provide human beings with various learning environments, which cause significant variations in standards, behaviour, attitudes and beliefs (David,1998). A comparison of the subsidiary parent countries is important for the success of a business seeking to expand in the foreign market, as this would lead to a better understanding of the local market. The Japanese as opposed to the Americans act more collectively and tend to be loyal to their respective groups. The Japanese often sacrifice their personal goals and ambitions to promote group interests. A low context society in USA shows that Americans are more direct in their communications and their messages are explicit. Whereas the Japanese use indirect ways to communicate and their voice intonation, timing and expressions play important roles in conveying information. (David, 1998) Technological: Technological factors greatly influence business strategies as they provide an opportunity to exploit innovations and inventions. Japan is one of the most technologically advanced countries in the world and ranks 18th on the list.(http://gpmgroup.info/2007/04/27/the-most-technologically-advanced-countries). Thus it is more convenient to introduce technologically driven customer service into the Japanese market. There is scope for incorporating the American system of internet ordering in to Japan with the intension of faster service. Starbucks is continuously searching for ways to better a customers experience. With the introduction of the Starbucks Card for example, the Company has created the opportunity to improve customer service, shorten lines and make a customers visit at Starbucks quicker and more convenient. Also, most stores are equipped with WI-FI. Legal: There are no significant legal factors to consider while entering the Japanese market. Though, Starbucks has chosen to enter through a joint venture with SAZABY Inc., a Japanese retailer and restaurateur, because of the peculiarities of the local market. By doing so, Starbucks has given itself a better chance of exploiting the market as SAZABY would have a better understanding of how the Japanese consumers viewed food and coffee.(http://www.docshare.com/doc/155323/Starbucks-global-expansion-strategy2) Porters Five Forces Competition Tullys Coffee, Gloria Jeans, Caribou Coffee etc. Competitors selling similar products, incl. specialty coffees high quality food. Competition nowhere in terms of volume of operations. Threat of new entrants Controlled access of distribution channels Innovation product differentiation Bargaining power of buyers More options due to no. of competitors. Large variety of products. Bargaining power of suppliers Overcrowding of market. Rise in prices of coffee beans. Choose suppliers based on quality, social, environmental economic issues Threat from substitutes Tea Soft drinks Juices Marketing Strategy to Enhance Profitability in the next 2 years: Segmentation: Segmentation is dividing the consumer market into distinct groups based on each individual groups wants, needs, preferences and behaviour. Starbucks is a company that embraces diversity, not limiting themselves to one specific demographic, behavioral, or geographic segment. Individuals appreciate how, regardless of any little difference, at Starbucks they are always treated as equals. (starbucks.com) Taking the demographic factor as the desired basis for segmentation: Gender: Sixty percent of Starbucks Japan market are woman customers in their 20s and 30s. (http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20020819slug=starbucks19). Hence Starbucks should further penetrate the market by retaining the woman customer base and increasing its appeal amongst them by providing incentives in terms of products, ambience and experience. Age: Most of Starbucks customers are educated, working personnel who can afford the high prices of the products offered. Starbucks has a limited consumer base with females in the age group of 25-39 forming their major share of consumers.(http://www.euromonitor.com/Japan_a_nation_of_coffee_lovers). It should reach out to the younger and much older groups by introducing a line of nutritional beverages. Education Income: Starbucks genius was to redefine the meaning of affordability regarding coffee. Target consumers were identified with regards to their living environment, level of income and education. They were convinced to pay premium prices for the experience, service and quality they were getting. The company was able to capture the changing consumer behaviour since the 1980s: more out-of-home entertainment, more self- gratification from consumers towards a good movie, a good glass of wine and a good cup of coffee. By raising the perceived value of the product for the consumer, Starbucks was able to raise its prices while keeping the product affordable. Creating brand loyalty through quality and innovation was also an important factor in decreasing the price elasticity of this commodity product. Thus, Starbucks should maintain this strategy and look less towards price reduction and more towards quality enhancement, a characteristic that has helped it build its brand. Targeting: Starbucks should practice differentiated targeting as it should try and capture a more wider section of the society. As it has identified the female gender to be its major consumers, Starbucks should retain this market and further expand it by targeting the woman clientele and coming out with more products that appeal to them. Also in order that it recieves a larger share of the male consumers, it should try and blend with the Japanese culture and accept their preference for smoking in some stores. Starbucks has already established its image amongst the educated and high income society. But, it should go one step further by seperately targeting the younger generation who are bound to follow in the footsteps of their peers and elders. In order that it recieves more number of teenagers, it should try and develop an atmosphere within its stores in terms of products and store experience that would appeal to the teens. Product Positioning: Starbucks is listening to the needs of the educated by devoting its business and research to developing ways to cater to this groups wants and needs. In addition to further building on its product quality and in-store customer experience, Starbucks should make itself more accessible to a wide variety of people by opening several quick stop services that would cater to the new generation of coffee drinkers because college-age students and the general population are always in a rush with little time to spare. The quick stop services and kiosks will make the process of buying coffee easier by eliminating long lines and creating alternative ways to buy coffee faster and will avoid the prospect of impatient customers. Starbucks should position itself as a brand not reserved only for the premium, high income society, but as a quality store that reflects on the needs and wants of all. As most Japanese are health conscious, it should try and build an image which does not discourage the teens and older people from visiting its stores. By bringing out more food items that match the Japanese palate, it should position its brand image as An American taste induced with Japanese flavors. Using the Marketing Mix to assist the chosen growth strategy: 1. Product: Diversify the product line: The tradition of tea drinking in Japan has been prevalent from the early beginning. There are many varieties of tea, and some of them, especially Green tea can be bought anywhere. Tea has proved to be a popular drink for most Japanese because of its wide variety of tastes. Thus, by introducing a few select varieties of tea in its store outlets, it would touch at the roots of the consumers. It would directly be percieved as a renowned American brand that cares to accomodate the Japanese tastes. (http://azjatycka.wordpress.com/2009/11/05/international-marketing-strategy-of-starbucks-in-japan-success-or-a-failure/). The presence of soybean in Japanese dishes is indispensable. Its not only widely accepted as the staple ingredient in Japanese dishes,be it rice, curd or soup, but also has great nutritional value. It finds its place in Japanese breakfast, lunch and dinner. It contains a chemical, soy isoflavones, which when accumulated in the body, functions like the female sex hormone(estrogen), which in turn promotes bone formation. Hence it is considered useful for post-menopausal women whose estrogen levels are low. Also soy isoflavones has been found to reduce the risk of breast cancer by 40%.( http://www.mindfully.org/GE/2003/Kikkoman-Non-GM-Soy22jun03.htm). Since Starbucks has found its presence to be more popular among woman, it will only increase its appeal to them by introducing a variety of beverages and food items that contain soybean in its diet. It should also bring about innovations in its product line, making them more nutritious to consume, thus forwarding its appeal to the health c onscious society. Introduce a line of health drinks, fruit juices that would attract teenagers who percieve Starbucks as a high end store selling speciality coffee. The presence of flavored non-caffeine drinks would help capture the teen market. 2. Place: Diversify its stores: Many critics had expected Starbucks to fail because of its strict no-smoking policy within its stores. The general Japanese customer prefers to smoke with food and drinks. But this strategy attracted many young health concious women who then accounted for Starbucks majority sales.(http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20020819slug=starbucks19). Although starbucks has so far managed to sustain its growth, competitors with a tolerance to smoking are providing good reason for its drop in sales in recent years. Hence,in order to attract a more varied clientele and improve profitability, Starbucks should make an exception in the case of Japan and introduce some stores that accept smoking; adapt to its culture. They could still stick to their rationality behind no-smoking environment to preserve the aromas flavors of the coffee beans(Starbucks website) by not allowing in-store smoking. Certain stores with a wider space facility could bring in open-air seating arrangemen ts. This way, those who wish to smoke can take a seat outside and enjoy a starbuck coffee. Another way would be to introduce balconies in some stores that have 2 or 3 storeys. Build on its in-store experience: Starbucks should build more in its store atmosphere rather focus on building drive-through outlets. In Japan 80% of the coffee consumers like to drink inside the store, while relishing the ambience.(chozick,2006). Although starbucks has an untarnished brand image, it should further build on its superior quality of store atmosphere in order to remain competitive and keep up sales. The hygiene of the stores, book readings, baby changing stations, sleek furniture and posh interiors are the key to its ability to provide a quality customer experience. Given that the majority of its customers are women and the Japanese love for the English language, it should transform certain sections of the store to accomodate a reading section that would comprise more of women oriented magazines and books that teach english. Choose a larger number of distribution units: Starbucks should improvise on its plan to introduce its instant coffee-starbucks VIA across convenience stores in Japan. It had announced the launch of its instant products in 11000 convenience and grocery stores in september. (http://www.finchannel.com/Main_News/Business/70201_Starbucks_VIA_Ready_Brew_Hits_Grocery_Aisles_Around_the_World/). By doing so, it has exposed its brand to the worlds largest instant coffee market. (http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE63C1NG20100413). Now the availabity of starbucks instant products is not limited only to its retail outlets. However, the presence of its competitors( Nestle and Kraft) in the instant coffee segment is more widespread and well established. Thus, it should try to capitalise on Japans $5 billion instant coffee market by providing its instant products to more number of distribution units and seal its presence. 3. Price: Prices of instant products: Starbucks should consider reducing the price of its instant products to enable higher sales. Starbucks is to sell a box of 3 VIA instant soluble sticks for 300 yen, which amounts to 100 yen per cup, and a box of 12 sticks for 1000 yen. When compared, its competitor Nescafe has a rival offering of 15 sticks for 300 yen. (http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE63C1NG20100413?pageNumber=2). Thus, there exists a wide price gap for its instant products and since Starbucks VIA will be occupying the same shelf space as Nescafe, Kraft etc., it would find it difficult to gain acceptance in the market. A customer would go up to the racks and find the rival offerings more viable. Hence, Starbucks should look to cut down its prices on instant products. It can afford to do so without the risk of diluting the brand image built on high end coffee, as the instant coffee would come without the experience of physically being in the store. Prices of in-store products: Starbucks prices of in-store products are higher when compared to its competitors. It is looking to further raise the prices of some 20 beverages and 5 coffee bean products. (http://www.japantoday.com/category/business/view/starbucks-japan-to-raise-coffee-prices). It should retain this pricing strategy as it differentiates itself from its competitors by providing an excellent quality customer experience. Also most of its outlets are located on expensive pieces of real estate in centralized, busy areas of Japan. 4. Promotion: Cultural Entertainment campaigns: Starbucks should come out with various cultural and entertainment campaigns to attract the Japanese youth, a segment of the society it has still not managed to woo successfully. Conclusion Starbucks is ahead of the rest in the Japanese coffee market, but there is still room for improvement. A decentralised structure accompanied with a mixed global strategy has helped the company to find a balance between reaching economies of scales and responding to the local market. By establishing a joint venture with local retail chain Sazaby Inc., it has reduced their risks of being unfamiliar with the market; and Starbucks has successfully gained the knowledge and channels of distribution from its partner. Starbucks strong brand image and customer loyalty has contributed to their maintaining a leading position in this market. By diversifying its target consumers and innovating its product line, it should be able to further strengthen its market share.

Smoking Cigarettes Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Example Essays

Why Smoking is Hazardous Essay written by Ren M.Chu Hi I’m here today to tell you the dangers of smoking. Smoking is one of the most preventable causes of death in our society. About one in five deaths in the US are results from using tobacco. About half all of smokers between of 35 and 69 die ahead of time the new smokers replace them. Smokers could be losing an average of 20 to 25 years of their life. Sometime I’m around an adult that smokes and when he smokes, it makes the house smell awful. I have many reasons to why I think this. It gives you aliment, shortens your life, can affect others around you and yourself. Every time you smoke, it’s like cutting 5 minutes of your life and there are many ways to quit. About 430,000 people in the US die every year from smoking related problems...

Why Junk Food Should Be Banned

Emily McLaughlin Ban Junk Food! DID YOU KNOW junk food has been linked to obesity, diabetes, and even cancer? Sure, junk food is totally yummy, but it is definitely not good for us or for the children in this country. Junk food also makes the quality of life worse. It makes you tired, and it can make you very unhealthy. There is a law going through congress right now about banning junk food in schools, and before you state your opinion, please open up your mind to see how junk food is affecting the quality of life in this country.One factor that affects the quality of life are the various diseases that affect the people in this country. 24-28% of Children in America are overweight, with 16% of them being obese. I believe that a lot of these problems could be solved if the lunches at school are healthier. These lunches at school would teach children how to put together nutritious lunches and/or snacks. Of course we cannot control what students eat outside of school, but I truly believ e that once they see how great they feel after eating a healthy meal they will want to eat better at home, too.Not only do diseases affect the quality of life, but so does your energy level. Don’t you feel more energized after you eat a healthy meal? Sometimes you feel like you can conquer anything. A Journal of American Public Health Association study concluded that children who ate healthy had significantly higher math scores than kids who didn’t. If children ate a healthy lunch, and had a test after, I guarantee you they’d do better on it because they would feel more awake and energized. The test scores in America would show an increase and our students would have more confidence.Along with diseases and energy level, your health affects your quality of life. In an AARP study people said that the key to happiness was health and family. When you’re healthy, you’re happy. Eating right can change how you view yourself and it gives you the energy to make other changes in your life, too. It’s important to eat right, but it’s also very important to teach the children in this country how to eat right, too. I know there are many people that oppose my view on this ban, but do they really realize what junk food can do to someone’s body?I can name five things that junk food does to your body. Number one: Junk food can make wrinkles appear earlier than they actually should! Number two: Bloating! Ladies, don’t we just hate that? Number three: Heartburn. Number four: Mood swings. Number five: Junk food can cause headaches. These are just a few of the things that junk food can do to you. I hope I have enlightened you. Before you vote on this law remember that junk food causes various diseases, makes energy levels go down, and causes moods to drop. Remember to vote YES to banning junk food in schools.