Madoff LLC Fraud Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Madoff LLC Fraud - Research Paper Example The author and the leader of the organization was Mr. Bernard Madoff who used to put away the cash for the speculative stock investments, foundations and well off individuals. It has additionally been discovered that the organization that had been situated in New York was the 23rd greatest market creator in the long stretch of October, 2008 on NASDAQ. It was clear that the organization took care of roughly 50 million offers for each day. The fundamental movement of the organization has been to deal with the requests that the online agents having a place with a couple of the greatest US organizations used to make, for example, the Citigroup Inc. also, General Electric. It is apparent that the organization has been the preeminent to motorize showcase making. In this sort of managing, the seller will in general perpetually purchase the stocks and sell them also. Madoff’s firm has likewise been the greatest to offer â€Å"payment for request flow† (Glovin and Scheer, 2011). Bernard Madoff never uncovered his budget reports and held back them under his sheltered guardianship. Further, it has been noticed that Madoff has likewise been one of the dynamic individuals from the NASDAQ Stock Market related leading group of governors just as the individual from NASDAQ’s official board of trustees and furthermore had been the Chairman of exchanging advisory group. It has been apparent that more noteworthy than 75% of the firm that has been possessed by Bernard Madoff, alongside Peter Madoff who is his sibling; were the main two people who were perceived on the administrative records, being the immediate proprietors and the official officials. The other relatives working for Madoff has been Peter Madoff’s little girl named Shana filling in as consistence lawyer. Children of Bernard Madoff in particular Mark and Andrew, and Charles Weiner were in the exchanging area. Andrew put his assets in the organization, anyway he was halted from doing as such by Mark in the year 2001 (Glovin and Scheer, 2011). The organization utilized the various advertising strategies to draw the clients and accordingly animating another period where electronic exchanging was of need. The organization has been a profoundly gainful security firm tapping tremendous volume of the stock exchanges from the Big Boards. The organization during its underlying days used to manage the Over-The-Counter alongside Pure-Brokerage-Pink Sheets exchanges. It was a direct result of the Rule 390, the organization had the option to exchange NYSE stocks. To change the execution rehearses, the organization needed to use the Cincinnati Stock Exchange. It has been apparent that among the five dealers, Madoff has been one of them who had been engaged with the making of the NASDAQ. It was noticed that the company’s spread was very grand. It began as a venture warning firm. It has been noticed that the organization had not been recorded in the stock trades till 2006. It tends to be expressed that as far as the US Securities continuously 2000, Madoff Securities had been effective at turning into the top brokers and had in estimation $300 million of advantages (De La Merced, 2008). Three stories were involved by the matter of Lipstick Building. The seventeenth floor having a place with Lipstick Building was office of Bernard Madoff that had in estimation of under 24 of the staffs. It has been discovered that solitary a couple of the workers were permitted to go into that building. The floor was named as the fence investments floor (Henriques and Berenson, 2008).â

Porter Five Force Essay Example for Free

Doorman Five Force Essay Food administrations (high) Dealing intensity of providers: low. Food is an ease industry; there is just a little value distinction between various providers. The providers need to sell their crude material ought to acknowledge the showcasing cost. Bartering intensity of purchasers: low The purchasers can choose to pick a less expensive food in light of the fact that there is such a significant number of food administration they can pick, the industry should build up a sensible cost. Danger of new participants: medium Individuals like to attempt new food. Yet, in the event that the business has their own fixed clients, and making their own cooking style, the new contestants won't have a major participant to them. Danger of substitutes: high The food can be supplanted by another better food if the individuals like. It isn't necessities to eat just a single sort of food. There must to be some equivalent cooking style in various brand, for example, McDonald’s with KFC. Industry contenders: high Food administration is very advance in our life, there is numerous new food contestants around us, individuals consistently prefer to attempt distinctive food. General product (low) Dealing intensity of providers: low The general product as a main situation to sell the items, therefore, providers power is low. Providers barely influence the industry’s benefit. Bartering intensity of purchasers: high The general product gets well known, and we have a ton of marked grocery store. Purchasers can have substantially more decision between various general stores; they can contrast the cost with pick a modest one. Danger of new participants: low General product cost is high so before passage this industry the participants need parcels venture. Numerous grocery stores previously marked so the new contestants scarcely to danger the former one. Danger of substitutes: low or medium There are may be many shopping way, as web based shopping. Be that as it may, general product is the important piece of people’s life, and furthermore their distinctive sort of product is the key factor to win. Industry competitorsï ¼Å¡high The brand is different in this industry, they need marking their own store to fortify the impression of individuals.

a gcal september

a gcal september i have a general color coding scheme: green are classes. theyre pretty much the only things ive been putting on my calendar for the past three years. light blue are things that are interesting, but not mandatory. i may or may not go to them based on various things like how hosed i am, scheduling conflicts, or randomly changing my mind. blue are mandatory, or important events that im committing to (i.e. not planning on flaking, in contrast with light blue). yellow are action items for myself, or retroactive descriptions for what i did for a block of time (more on retroaction in a bit). red are physical things like going to the gym or running. as you can see i need to work on adding more of these i use gcal constantly, in stark contrast to the last three years where i really only used it to record classes. i frequently check it, because i know that im the type to forget events or things i have to do. i use it both proactively  and reactively: ill add events to gcal as soon as i become aware of them, and ill also make action items for me to do in the future. this has helped me go to more interesting events this semester (and not forget them), and has made me more productive in general. using gcal is processual. events always get shuffled around or moved back, especially when it comes to action items (yellow events). moving yellow events back isnt necessarily a bad thing: every time i push it back, im aware of it through the physical action of clicking and dragging it forwards in time, whereas previously i would have just shrugged and told myself, oh well, or not even noticed it at all. events get filled out as the day goes on i dont plan too far ahead in the future. for example, heres a screenshot of this week, which is relatively empty: i also will retroactively edit the past to more accurately reflect things that i did (because things never go exactly the way you want to). in this way, the gcal becomes a more accurate life log of what i did at a particular point in time and when, as opposed to a list of mandatory events. i am so, so very hosed. school stress is very real. job stress is very real. 01 but, fortunately, my mental health has been pretty good, through a combination of taking better care of myself and feeling like i have actual emstructure /emin my life for getting things done now. bonus: a playlist of september Post Tagged #gcal #i feel like changing some of the colors so stay tuned for that #productivity #semester schedule but, fortunately, my mental health has been pretty good, through a combination of taking better care of myself and feeling like i have actual structure  in my life for getting things done now. back to text ?

The Great Chicago Fire - 983 Words

On Sunday, October 18, 1871 the largest fire Chicago has ever seen broke out. Hundreds died and thousands of homes were annihilated. Devistation towered over the city, ashes floated gracefully through the air as bodies, houses and cherished items burned. People ran in fear, holding their young, crying for the gone, searching for saftey. Searching for life. Searching for hope. The past few weeks had been hot, dry, and rainless. A drought. Rain had not fallen for three months. Though, despite the drought, the O’Leary family had been having an exceptional October. The O’Leary family consisted of Mrs. O’Leary, her husband and 5 children. Mr. O’Leary worked as a laborer, as Mrs. O’Leary kept with the cows and the children. The†¦show more content†¦The mayor made a drastic decision to set the prisoners free to keep them safe from the fire as well. So, they were released into the midst of the burning streets. Albeit, the police though t the prisoners would run and seek shelter. . . that is quiet the opposite. The prisoners rushed into the streets and begin smashing windows of abandon buisnesses and homes, looting them of their goods. Just as everyone thought the fire was dying down and would no longer spread, the wind picked up, and the fire spread, causing it to head farther northward. Then, something terrible happened. Fire Devils. Fire Devils are whirls of air which send burning wood and such things flying through the air, and in this case, across a river. Not good. Everything seemd hopeless. This was impossible for humans to fix or cure, the fire was too out of control. There was only one thing that could tame is massive beast; rain. At 11 o’clock Monday night the sky began to rain. A light drizzle at first, but as the night went on, the rain became harder. Things were looking up for the buring city of Chicago. It continued to rain the rest of Monday night. Finally, in the dim light of Tues day, the fire stopped. The fire killed more than 300 people and destroyed more than 17,500 buildings. Two million dollars worth of damage was done. Some buildings that were destroyed were: The Chicago Tribune buildings, great hotels, and many wonderful businesses throughout the town. Even the courthouseShow MoreRelated Great Chicago Fire Essay1788 Words   |  8 PagesGreat Chicago Fire I have no passion or desire to write about a thunderous destruction of a city or the death of hundreds of people. Yes, I have no connection to this topic, besides my home being 30 minutes from downtown Chicago, but that does not mean that this fire does not pertain to me or anyone who lives in a completely different state for that matter. So, just because I have never experienced a disaster of this magnitude does not mean that my lips should stay shut regarding the topicRead MoreThe Great Chicago Fire of 18711752 Words   |  8 PagesThe Great Chicago Fire was a major milestone in the city’s history. The fire started on October 8th, 1871 and did not end until October 10th, 1871. People never saw this fire coming which might have made it even worse. The only reason it spread so far was because everything was made out of wood, the ground was parched and the wind was blowing that night; the reason it stopped was because it had started raining. Although the fire destroyed most of the city, it was a positive turning point in historyRead More The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 Essay1465 Words   |  6 Pages  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Great Chicago Fire of 1871 was one of the largest disasters in American history. Practically overnight the great city of Chicago was destroyed. Before the fire there was a large drought causing everything to be dry and flammable, then a fire broke out in the O’Leary’s barn and spread throughout the city. Many attempts were made to put out the fire but there were too many errors and problems in the beginning. After the fire many people were left homeless and had to help build their city againRead MoreThe Great Chicago Fire By Robert Cromie1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Chicago Fire was a historical narrative written by Robert Cromie in 1958, a little less than 100 years after the fire took place. Robert Cromie had many accomplishments to be proud of, since he was a war correspondent, a sports journalist, a col umnist, a book editor/author, and a radio and television host. His radio and television shows were about books and authors, and they gained him numerous writing and broadcasting awards. In 1936, he joined the Chicago Tribune staff as a writer (Struzzi)Read MoreAdvocate Illinois Masonic s Life Of Rebuilding Post The Great Chicago Fire866 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Advocate Illinois Masonic has a rich history in how it became the hospital it is today. Before it was called Illinois Masonic, it was Chicago Union Hospital. The Union Hospital was organized during the time of rebuilding post the great Chicago fire in 1901. Belden Avenue Baptist Church Steadfast Sunday School organized the union hospital. Amongst the board members of the hospital were some Masons who formed an association for the purpose of providing free medical and surgical treatmentRead MoreGreat Chicago Fire Of 19101690 Words   |  7 PagesGreat Chicago Fire in 1871; â€Å"Big Burn† the Great Fire of 1910; Miramichi Fire; Oakland Firestorm of 1991; Cloquet Fire; Yellowstone s Summer of Fire ; California s Cedar Fire of 2003; 2004 Taylor Complex Fire; Great Hinckley Fire of 1894; and the 2007 California wildfires (Nelson, 2013). In October 2003, San Diego experienced the Cedar Fire that claimed 273,246 acres, 2,820 structures, and 15 lives (CAL FIRE, 2015). It gained the moniker, â€Å"The Hundred Year Fire† because another fire of its magnitudeRead MoreDatabase Security, Recovery And Emergency1391 Words   |  6 Pagesdisasters. Then again, fire, risky materials, digital assaults and security dangers can be considered as man-made calamities which hurt the information inside of the organization. Background and Significance As far as a disaster are concerned we have seen many namely the Tsunami in Asia, Japan ,the man made include the Chernobyl reactor blast . But some times there are disaster like the Great Chicago fire which still carries speculation on its origin. The Great Chicago Fire took place on SundayRead MoreEssay about The Chicago Fire Of 1871544 Words   |  3 Pages The Chicago Fire of 1871 nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The summer of 1871 had been an unusually dry one in Chicago. Between July and October, only 5 inches of rain fell. In addition to twenty-seven fires in the first week of October, on Saturday night, October 7, a blaze broke out in a planning mill on the West Side and destroyed almost every building in a four block area before it was brought under control Sunday morning. They lost a hose and other fire-fighting equipment, including one of seventeenRead MoreDid Mrs. O. Leary ´s Cow Really Start the Chicago Fire?1250 Words   |  5 Pagesreally start the Chicago fire? Some might say that the cow did start the fire, but there are other theories that disprove this theory. The Chicago fire happened in 1871. It was a catastrophic day in Chicago. Even though it was catastrophic and did some really bad things, it also led to industrialization in Chicago, and made Chicago what it is today. Without the fire Chicago might not be the metropolis it is today. What is the Great Chicago Fire? The fire started on October 8, 1871 (Chicago HistoricalRead MoreBoston Fire And Chicago Fire1611 Words   |  7 Pages27, 1678 the first fire engine company went into service with its captain Thomas Atkins. In 1736 Benjamin Franklin established the Union Fire Company in Philadelphia. George Washington was a volunteer firefighter in Alexandria, Virginia. Simple fun facts. Since the beginning of America’s independence firefighting has played a huge role in our history Surprisingly, the name Chicago Fire has a plethora of meanings. There is the Chicago Fire American drama series, Chicago Fire professional soccer

Hsm310 Hipaa Assignment Free Essays

| You Decide| Activity| Assignment Responses| Part I| From the Chief Compliance Officer (CCO) perspective on HIPAA, contemplate the three basic areas which HIT professionals must be most concerned with are: (1) Privacy Rules (2) Security Rules, and (3) Standardized transaction code sets| Write a paragraph on each of the 3 critical areas of HIPAA for a training session of your staff. Explain what they are, why they are important and how they impact staff duties and the organization. | HIPAA Rules(1)Privacy Rules: According to the U. We will write a custom essay sample on Hsm310 Hipaa Assignment or any similar topic only for you Order Now S Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the HIPAA Privacy Rule establishes national standards to protect individuals’ medical records and other personal health information and applies to health plans, health care clearinghouses, and those health care providers that conduct certain health care transactions electronically. It’s important because the Rule requires appropriate safeguards to protect the privacy of personal health information, and sets limits and conditions on the uses and disclosures that may be made of such information without patient authorization. This rule impacts the staff by: Not sharing the information with others who have no need to know, including co-workers, family members or friends, minimizing opportunities for patient information to be overheard by others, never sharing passwords, disposing of information containing PHI properly such as shredding paper files(2)Security Rules: The HIPAA Security Rule establishes national standards to protect individuals’ electronic personal health information that is created, received, used, or maintained by a covered entity. The Security Rule is important because it requires appropriate administrative, physical and technical safeguards to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and security of electronic protected health information. It impacts the organization by forcing the healthcare industry to adopt uniform electronic transaction standards for Healthcare information, . (3)Standardized transaction code sets rules: This rule is designed to improve claims and management revenue cycle. It important because it helps save physicians thousands of dollars annually by using the standard transactions. It impacts the organization because some health insurers still have not adopted all of the standard transactions and because of the inconsistency it creates a burden for physician practices| Part II| Leading experts in HIPAA implementation agree that the first step toward HIPAA compliance is to Inventory the organization’s data| Fill out the attached HIPAA inventory form for your organization. List the various departments from where you have retrieved data. Indicate how the data will be used. | Department HIPAA Inventory (1) Health Information Management Services: a. A critical issue would be who can and cannot have access to health information b. Having only access at a specific time frame. For instance, only Monday- Friday between 8 and 4, but to patients only. (2) Clinical Nursing Services: c. A critical issue concerning Clinical Nursing Services is the staffing. The staffing effects patient safety and quality care. d. The issue can be addressed by cutting spending for other personnel, such as unlicensed caregivers, housekeepers, and other support staff. The amount of non-nursing work performed by RNs in inpatient units could increase, and investments in medical technology and facilities to improve the quality of care could be deferred. (3) Credit Department: e. A critical issue would be hospitals continue to face volume declines, which negatively impact the bottom line. f. Since patient experience impacts the bottom line, with the increase in consumer savvy patients and the emergence of ratings sites, recognition programs, and other efforts, the issue can be addressed by incorporating pay-for-performance programs based on satisfaction outcomes as part of their financial arrangements. This should make the financial implications greater than ever. According to â€Å"healthcare industry news† An increasing amount of research and writing has been done on the subject, offering healthcare managers an â€Å"evidence-based† case for improving the service encounter. | Part III| In a modern US hospital, the individual responsible for assembling a HIPAA implementation team generally holds the title  Chief Compliance Officer, with the Chief Information Officer (CIO) in the primary role of electronic communication, and all data compliance. The CCO assures the CIO and HIMS Director that they may in fact release private health information (PHI) for TPO with a written authorization. What is TPO and why is the CCO correct under HIPAA? | Operational Activities and HIPAATreatment (T) is when a health care professional provides, coordinates or manages the health care services of one or more providers. Payment (P) means the activities we perform to get reimbursed for the health care services we have provided. Operations (O): include activities that ensure our effective business operations. These include, conducting quality assessment and improvement activities, reviewing the competence or qualifications of health care professionals, evaluating practitioner and provider performance, etc The CCO is correct under HIPAA because The HIPAA Privacy Rule permits a health care provider to disclose protected health information about an individual, without the individual’s authorization, to another health care provider for that provider’s treatment of the individual. | Fill in the areas required to complete the assignment questions above Works Cited Health Information Privacy. (n. d. ). Retrieved December 2011, from http://www. hhs. gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/administrative/securityrule/index. html Hospital Impact. (n. d. ). Retrieved December 2011, from http://www. hospitalimpact. org/index. php/2011/12/01/p3571 Hospital Nurse Staffing and Quality of care. (n. d. ). Retrieved December 2011, from http://www. ahrq. gov/research/nursestaffing/nursestaff. htm#Strategies How to cite Hsm310 Hipaa Assignment, Papers

Importance of Internal Controls-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Concept of Internal Control Persisting in an Organization. Answer: Introduction This particular study focuses upon the concept of internal control persisting in an organization. Internal control essentially refers to the set of controls that have been established in an organization in order to enable the organization to achieve its objectives in terms of efficiency and effectiveness pertaining to the operations of the business. Internal controls review and recheck the quality of financial reporting and also make sure whether they comply with the laid down policies and regulations. In more simple terms any control that is implemented in the organization in order to mitigate risk falls under the purview of internal controls. In this particular study the importance of implementing internal controls in an organization and how the implemented controls have helped the organization in achieving the company goals have been discussed. Literature Review Internal Control Concept and Components Internal control refers to the control that has been established inside an organization in order to strengthen its operational activities and improve the quality of regular day to day proceedings of business. An internal control in general acts as a catalyst that is it improves or influences the already implemented positive policies or regulations of an organization. For instance a successful implementation of internal control lies in segregation of duties. Segregation of duties in an organization is very important. For example a particular employee who is responsible for receiving cash from customers should not also be delegated with the task of recording them in the books. A different employee steps in for handling such a responsibility and therefore it is at this point that the internal control of segregation of duties has been established. Other duties that fall under the principle of internal control are utilization of technological controls, maintenance of records and conductin g independent regular reviews. These principles of internal control therefore are the reference points of the management for establishing and implementing procedures for protecting the assets of the company (Hammersley, Myers Zhou, 2012). The components of internal control include Control Environment; Information and Communication; Control Activities; Monitoring; and Risk Assessment. Control Environment refers to that component of internal control which determines the pitch of the organization and instills awareness about such control among the employees. It lays the basic structure for all other components of internal control. Information and Communication refers to the processes and systems that help in identifying, capturing and exchanging information in a structured and framed way so as to support the employees in carrying out their responsibilities in a proper way. Control Activities refer to that component of internal control which establishes a set of regulations and policies for ensuring the execution of the directives set by the management. Lastly Monitoring refers to the processes that are required for the purpose of assessing the quality of the internal control established in the organization over time. The above mentioned components of internal control make the entire process easy to understand as well as implement (Hermanson, Smith, Stephens, 2012). Benefits of implementing Internal Control Internal controls not only increase the efficiency of an organization but also simplify the work done by employees by setting clear goals and by continuously monitoring and reviewing the quality of the procedure in which the desired results are obtained. However the major benefits of implementing Internal Control in an organization are that they help in preventing fraud especially in the financial statements of an organization; they also help in preventing errors in preparing the financial statements; spotting the errors in the financial statements is also facilitated by the implementation of internal controls; internal controls also result in reduced lawsuit and insurance claims. Internal control prevents fraud by segregating the duties of the employees. For instance internal control of a bank may require an employee collecting the cheques for cash withdrawal by customers and another employee authorizing those withdrawals thus mitigating the chances of fraudulent activity. Internal controls not only help in preventing fraud but also prevent the occurrence of errors in business. Reviews at periodic intervals and surprise tests of the quality of the finished products help in preventing errors. Implementation of internal control in order to ensure that all the transactions that take place inside an organization are authorized also play an important role in preventing errors. Implementation of proper internal control also help in establishing clear, concise and defined guidelines in relation to the ethical conduct and other management implemented policies and regulations of the organization. This help in reducing the risk of lawsuits and costly insurance claims. Essentially the internal controls ensure welfare of the employees. Internal controls also help to make the financial statements error free. They mitigate the common occurrences of errors in the financial statements like misappropriation of assets and material misstatements (Vijayakumar Nagaraja, 2012). Internal Controls an aid to the external auditors An external auditor who has no internal knowledge about the inner operation of an organization obtains great help from the internal controls that are accurately implemented within the organization. An organization that has proper internal control implemented within it will automatically generate certain features that will help an external auditor to assess the organization. One of these features are creation of an ethical code within the organization. The employees of the organization communicate with each other honestly and with integrity. Each of the employees would be competent enough to manage their own task and their dependence on management would be minimized. There would be periodic training sessions and workshops that would keep the employees updated and at par with the technical improvements or implementations within the organization. In addition to all these features the major area where the internal control helps the external auditor is the integrity of the financial state ments. A properly implemented internal control would allow an external auditor to spot errors like material misstatements in the books of accounts with much ease. With the introduction of technology in the industries, the companies have become much more exposed to fraud. For instance backing up of data in a computerized system not only increases the risk of losing the data but also the risk of hacking the crucial information from the system by an imposter increases. An accurate internal control like password protected portals and regular backing up of data would help an external auditor to work more easily (Yee et al., 2017). The internal auditors within an organization develop a risk assessment plan in order to mitigate the risks related to the preparation of the financial statements. Risk related to the occurrence of material misstatement or fraud in the books of accounts if identified by the internal auditors, they develop internal control in order to reduce the risk. Surprise review of the financial statements and the fixation of the minimum amount of materiality are some of the internal controls adopted by the internal auditors. These implementation of internal controls help an external auditor to execute his job with much ease. According to ISA 315, an internal auditor can be of great help to an external auditor provided that he carries out his work with utmost sincerity and care Feizizadeh, 2012).. For instance Skoda Minotti an auditing firm was able to find out fraud by performing risk assessment procedures in a scrap industry firm which was its client. The implementation of a proper set of internal control by the audit team helped the company to finally identify the person responsible for the disparity in the books of accounts ("Skoda Minotti Fraud After an Internal Control Assessment", 2017). Another instance is when a public company required help in order to implement the 2013 COSO Framework hired a consultancy firm named Accounting Business Consultants. The auditing team after proper scrutiny of the situations prevailing in the company provided proper guidance and leadership in implementing proper internal controls that helped the company in identifying the exact irregularities that hampered business ("Internal Controls Case Study | Audit Services in Northeast", 2017). Limitations of Internal control There are certain limitations that come along with the implementation of internal control within an organization. These are management override, lack of monitoring due to staff turnover, collusion and limited judgment. Management override refers to the manipulation of the prescribed policies and procedures by a high level official of the management in order to satisfy his personal needs. Such an action will never let an implemented internal control reach its desired objective. Another important limitation of internal control is the lack of monitoring. The controls implemented have to be monitored on a regular basis so as to check whether any disparity or irregularity has occurred in its obtained results. But this is not always achieved due to fact that the staff delegated with the responsibility to perform the task does not turn up or lack interest to do the job. Collusion refers to a form of fraud that may be done a group of imposters within the organization. A group of people together may manipulate the books of accounting statements in such a way that the internal control will never be able to identify the disparity. The only solution left in that case is external audit. Lastly quick judgment refers to the fact that internal controls are essentially decisions taken by the management under pressure to find out the loopholes in the company within a given time period. Thus the entire process is based on human judgment that is limited with the information currently available (Li et al., 2012). Conclusion Thus from the above study it can be understood that internal controls are very effective and efficient in identifying the irregularities or fraud that otherwise cannot be identified. An internal auditor after proper scrutiny determines the internal controls that are to be implemented within an organization and wait for the controls to come up with the solutions. It is advisable by every financial regulator to implement internal control within an organization. Though there are certain limitations of these controls but most of them are due to carelessness or lack of interest on the part of the management or employees. Therefore an organization that is really interested to make its operations error free should implement internal controls. References Feizizadeh, A. (2012). Strengthening internal audit effectiveness. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 5(5), 2777-2778. Hammersley, J. S., Myers, L. A., Zhou, J. (2012). The failure to remediate previously disclosed material weaknesses in internal controls. Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory, 31(2), 73-111. Hermanson, D. R., Smith, J. L., Stephens, N. M. (2012). How effective are organizations' internal controls? Insights into specific internal control elements. Current Issues in Auditing, 6(1), A31-A50. Internal Controls Case Study | Audit Services in Northeast. (2017). Abcpas.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017, from https://www.abcpas.com/case-study-sixteen.htm Li, C., Peters, G. F., Richardson, V. J., Weidenmier Watson, M. (2012). The consequences of information technology control weaknesses on management information systems: The case of sarbanes-oxley internal control reports. Mis Quarterly, 36(1). Skoda Minotti Fraud After an Internal Control Assessment. (2017). skodaminotti.com. Retrieved 30 October 2017, from https://cpa.skodaminotti.com/fraud-after-an-internal-control-assessment Vijayakumar, A. N., Nagaraja, N. (2012). Internal Control Systems: Effectiveness of Internal Audit in Risk Management at Public Sector Enterprises. BVIMR Management Edge, 5(1). Yee, C. S., Sujan, A., James, K., Leung, J. K. (2017). Perceptions of Singaporean internal audit customers regarding the role and effectiveness of internal audit. Asian Journal of Business and Accounting, 1(2), 147-174.

Vidofnir, the cock Essay Example

Vidofnir, the cock Essay Example Vidofnir, the cock Paper Vidofnir, the cock Paper Norse, Teutonic, or Scandinavian mythology is the collective myths of Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Iceland. Norse myths were brought into being during the Viking era, which lasted from 1070 A. D. to 1780 A. D. Our main sources of these myths come from the Icelandic Eddas, including the Prose (Younger) and the Poetic (Elder). The Poetic Edda is comprised of thirty-five poems. The Volsunga saga and the Nibelungenlied are also significant sources. The lack of much further information was the direct result of Christian Termination (Cherry, Intro) Scandinavian mythology holds interesting parallels to other early religions and has strongly influenced modern literature. One of the most important elements to any myth or form of religion is to explain how the world came into being. In the beginning, there was Ginnungagap or yawning emptiness That lay between the realms of fire and ice. As the warm air from the south met the north the ice of Ginnungagap was melted forming Ymir, the frost giant, and Audhumla, the primeval cow, from whom flowed four rivers of milk. From Ymirs armpit came the sweat that formed the frost giants. Audhumla began to lick the ice and uncovered Buri, the ancestor of the gods in three days. Buri had a son named Bor whom married a frost giantess. From that union, Odin, Vili, and Ve were born. Growing tired of Ymirs brutality and the growing band of frost giants, Odin, Vili, and Ve took up arms and slew Ymir and all the frost giants, excluding Bergelmir and his wife who fled across the sea. Odin and his brothers then threw the corpse of Ymir into Ginnungagap. Ymirs flesh became the earth, his unbroken bones mountains, his teeth and jaws rocks and boulders, his blood rivers, lakes, and the sea, and his skull the sky held at the corners by four dwarfs. Sparks were used to make the sun, the moon and the stars. From Ymirs flesh also the light elves that were placed in Alfheim. Odin Vili and Ve came upon two beautiful fallen trees, an Ash and an Elm. Odin gave them soul; Vili gave them emotion and intelligence; Ve gave them the ability to see and hear. They became the First Humans, Ask and Embla. The gods gave them Midgard. Angered by Mundilfaris comparison of his children to the sun and the moon, Odin made them into constellations to guide the actual heavenly bodies. This creation myth has strong relation to that of Babylon when Mardok the champion slew Tiamat to form the universe(Ultimate Encyclopedia of mythology 183 186 195 253) The firmament of the nine realms in Scandinavian mythology was Yggdrassil, meaning, and dreadful mount It was the cosmic ash tree (Ultimate Encyclopedia of mythology 252) Its Name is a reference either to the gallows or to Odins horse Odin did hang himself for nine nights in order to learn wisdom. Yggdrasils three roots descended into the nine worlds. However there seems to be much speculation of how they lay. Three roots spread three ways Under the ash Yggdrasil: Hel is under the first, Frost Giants under the second, Mankind below the last (The Elder Edda 66) However, in The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Mythology it seems to be described somewhat like this: Asgard, the stronghold of the gods lay on the first root. Along with Asgard were Vanaheim, the home of the Vanir, and the Well of Urd, the meeting place for the Gods. Muspelheim, the land of fire, and Nifleheim, place of the dead lay upon the second root; that Nidhogg the dragon gnawed on. The hardships endured by Yggdrasil Are more than men can dream of: Harts Bite the Twigs, the trunk rots, Niddhogg gnaws at the roots. (The Elder Edda 67) Jotunheim, the land of the giants, lay upon the third root, also upon it was, Midgard, the home of humans. Also upon that root lay the well of Mimir, the source of all wisdom. The rainbow bridge, Bifrost connected Asgard to Midgard. Upon the high branches of Yggdrasil, Ratatosk, the messenger squirrel dwelled with Vidofnir, the cock. The cause of this variant in texts seems to be elusive, yet we must consider that the Elder Edda is a poetic source with simplified information, while The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Mythology is a compilation of many texts. It would be safe to think that both are correct by the varying stories of Scandinavian Mythology. I am called Grim, I am called Traveler, Warrior and Helmet-Wearer, Agreeable, Third, Thud and Ud, High-One and Hel-Blinder Broad-Hat, Broad-Beard, Boat-Lord, Rider, All-Father, Death-Father, Father of Victory (The words of Odin in The Lay of Grimnir) (The Elder Edda 69) By many other names is the All-Father called, yet it would be rude to continue the passage too far. Like Zeus Odin was the sky father He is a strange and solemn figure, always aloof He eats nothing while other gods feasted Odin pondered what thought and memory taught him. (Hamilton 308) He was responsible for postponing Ragnarok for as long as possible.